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Science log 3

Science log 3. Block and Ramp / Asexual Reproduction. Vocabulary. Asexual Reproduction reproduction involving only one parent organism. Vocabulary. Sexual Reproduction reproduction involving two parent organisms. Vocabulary. Force a push or a pull. Vocabulary. Motion

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Science log 3

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  1. Science log 3 Block and Ramp / Asexual Reproduction

  2. Vocabulary • Asexual Reproduction • reproduction involving only one parent organism

  3. Vocabulary • Sexual Reproduction • reproduction involving two parent organisms

  4. Vocabulary • Force • a push or a pull

  5. Vocabulary • Motion • any movement or change in position or time

  6. Vocabulary • Energy • the capacity of a system to perform work

  7. Block and Ramp Experiment • Students investigated the motion of wooden blocks on ramps. They used two boards, each two meters long, to create ramps. They set the ramps up at different heights, as shown in the diagram below. Next they took two identical blocks (I and II) and placed one at the top of each ramp. They placed the blocks so that the back edge of each block was even with the edge of the ramp (distance = 0 meters). The students held the blocks so that the blocks would not slide until the students released them. The students released the blocks at time = 0 seconds. They measured the total distance traveled by each block at 1-second intervals as the blocks slid down the ramps. The students recorded their results as shown in the data tables.

  8. Block and Ramp Experiment • In your answer and based on the data, what is the mathematical relationship between the time traveled and the speed of the block? Based on the data, what is the mathematical relationship between height of the ramp and the distance traveled by the block? Also in your answer name two forces that act on the block. Describe how these two forces affect the motion of the block.

  9. In your answer and based on the data, what is the mathematical relationship between the time traveled and the speed of the block?

  10. Based on the data, what is the mathematical relationship between height of the ramp and the distance traveled by the block? When height is 0.52 meters, the block goes a distance of 0.80 meters after 4 seconds. When height is 1.0 meters, the block goes a distance of 1.60 meters after 4 seconds…. So…. the mathematical relationship between would height of ramp and distance traveled by the block would be… The higher the ramp, the farther the block travels (after the same amount of time has passed.)

  11. Also in your answer name two forces that act on the block. Describe how these two forces affect the motion of the block. Surface Friction: Acts on the block in the opposite direction of the blocks motion (parallel to the ramp) and reduces the acceleration of the block. Gravity: Pulls the block straight down toward the ground and makes the block speed up as it pulls the block down the ramp. Surface of ramp: Pushes upward on the block keeping the block from falling straight down. Air Resistance: Acts on the block in the opposite direction to the block’s motion and reduces the acceleration of the block.

  12. Strawberry Plants • The illustration below shows how a strawberry plant reproduces by asexual reproduction to form a new strawberry plant. In your answer, describe how the new plant compares genetically with the parent plant. Describe one advantage that asexual reproduction might offer the strawberry plant. Describe one disadvantage the new plant might experience.

  13. In your answer, describe how the new plant compares genetically with the parent plant. • Genetically Identical

  14. Describe one advantage that asexual reproduction might offer the strawberry plant. • NOTE: Credit is not awarded for a response that states the offspring and parent plant will “look the same.” “Looks the same” is not sufficient to demonstrate an understanding that the parent and offspring are genetically the same.

  15. Describe one advantage that asexual reproduction might offer the strawberry plant. • new harmful traits are not likely to be introduced since the offspring has the same genetic make-up. • requires less energy (energy is spend in sexual repro. just looking for a mate!) • limits spread of harmful traits (detrimental characteristics) • provides genetic continuity • continues beneficial traits • if the parent was genetically well adapted to its environment, its genetically identical offspring will be similarly well adapted to that environment • only one organism is needed as a parent, fertilization is not necessary for reproduction • because every individual is able to produce offspring, the reproductive capacity is greatly increased compared to sexually reproducing species • when conditions are suitable, large number of offspring can be produced more quickly by asexual reproduction than by sexual reproduction

  16. Describe one disadvantage the new plant might experience. • no genetic variety • if conditions form that could eliminate an individual… the entire population could be wiped out.

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