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Functions of Skeletal System

The skeletal system is the body system that serves as a support framework, protects vital organs, works with muscles to produce movement, and produces blood cells. . Functions of Skeletal System. Support – gives body shape, structure enables you to stand erect or body would collapse

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Functions of Skeletal System

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  1. The skeletal system is the body system that serves as a support framework, protects vital organs, works with muscles to produce movement, and produces blood cells.

  2. Functions of Skeletal System • Support – gives body shape, structure enables you to stand erect or body would collapse • Protection – protects internal organs and fragile body tissue • Movement – bone provide the structure for muscle to attach so that our bodies are able to move

  3. Bones • At birth you have about 300 bones, adults have about 206 bones • Bone is the structural material of the skeletal system • Layers of bone • Periosteum = thin tissue that covers bone and contains nerves and blood vessels • Compact bone = outer layer, strong and dense • Spongy bone = lighter, slightly flexible • Bone marrow = inner layer where new red and white blood cells are constantly being produced

  4. Joints • Joint is the point where two bones meet • Hinge joint – bend and straighten (elbow, knee) • Ball and socket joint – twisting, turning movement (shoulder, hip) 360 degrees • Pivot joint – turns side to side (neck) • Ligament – fiber that connects bones together

  5. Skeletal Structure – Middle of Body • Cranium/Skull – protects brain and eyes • Spine/Backbone – vertebrae with cartilage in between each, protects spinal cord • Sternum/Breastbone – linked to ribcage, middle bone, protects chest • Rib cage – 12 pairs of ribs, protects heart and lungs • Hip bones - help us stand upright and support much of the body’s weight

  6. Skeletal Structure – Upper Limbs • Clavicle (collarbone) • Scapula (shoulder blade) • Humerus – long bone of upper arm, extending from the shoulder to the elbow • Radius – shorter of the 2 lower arm bones, located on the inside of the arm (thumb side) • Ulna – bone extending from the elbow to wrist, located on the outside of arm (opposite of thumb)

  7. Skeletal Structure – Lower Limbs • Femur - thigh bone, extends from hip joint to knee, longest bone in body • Patella – knee cap • Tibia - inside bone of the lower leg, strongest bone in the body • Fibula – outside bone of the lower leg, thinner of the 2 lower leg bones, helps control movement of ankle (shin bone)

  8. Upper and Lower Limbs

  9. Skeletal Structure – Wrist and Hand • Carpals – wrist bones • Metacarpals - palm • Phalanges – fingers • Each hand – 27 bones

  10. Skeletal Structure – Ankle and Foot • Each foot has 26 bones • Tarsals– ankle bones • Metatarsals - main part of foot, instep • Phalanges- toes

  11. Keep your Skeletal System Healthy • Choose foods rich in calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D. • Exercise to strengthen joints. • Wear protective equipment and properly-fitting, well-cushioned shoes and warm up before exercising. • Sit, stand and walk with correct posture. Participate in screening for scoliosis

  12. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9RlJq3IOHg&feature=related

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