Five Major Functions of the Skeletal system

1. Five Major Functions of the Skeletal system Provides shape and support. Enables you to move, Protects your internal organs. Produces blood cells. Stores materials.

2. Vertabrea • Make up your backbone. • Allows you to move and twist.

3. Bone Strength • Bones are strong and lightweight. • Only 20 percent of your bodyweight is bone. • Able to absorb a lot of force.

4. Bone Growth • Bones continue to grow and continue to replace damaged tissue. • 265 bones as an infant, 206 as an adult.

5. Bone Structure • Outer membrane-outer layer of bone. • Compact bone-dense area of bone usually in the middle sections. • Bone marrow-soft tissue in the cavity of the bone, produces red blood cells and stores fat. Consists of red and yellow marrow. • Spongy bone-usually the ends of the bone, spongy material helps absorb force. • Canals and blood vessels-contain blood vessels and nerves.

6. Cartilage • A connective tissue that is more flexible than bone. • Acts as a cushion between bones. • Much of the skeleton is cartilage when you are an infant.

7. Joints of the Skeleton • Immovable joints-joints that have no movement. • Movable joints-allow the body a wide range of motion.

8. Types of Joints • Ball and Socket Joint-allows you to swing your arm freely in a circle. • Pivot Joint-gives your limited ability to turn your head from side to side. • Hinge Joint-gives you a forward backward motion. • Gliding Joint-enables you to bend and flex your wrist, as well as make limited side to side motions.

9. Types of Skeletal Injuries • Fracture-a break in the bone. • Dislocation-when the bone separates from a joint. • Sprain-when ligaments stretch to far, or tear.

10. Xrays • Energy that travels in waves through the body, passing through soft tissue, but not through bone. • Used to diagnose broken bones. • Uses radiation.

11. MRI’s • Uses burst of electromagnetic energy to produce an image of the area being scanned.

12. Muscular System Two Types • Voluntary – Muscles that are under your control. • Involuntary – Muscles that operate independently of your conscious thoughts.

13. Types of Muscles • Cardiac – The heart, has characteristics of both smooth and skeletal muscles. It is striated, but does not get tired. • Skeletal – Striated muscles that hold the skeleton together. The muscles are held to the bone by tendons, a strong connective tissue.

14. Smooth Muscle – Involuntary muscles that work automatically to control the movements inside your body. The line many of the organs of the body such as the stomach, which help digest and move food through the body. • Smooth muscle is not striated.

15. How Muscles Work • Muscle cells can only contract, not extend. Because of this, they work in pairs. One contracts the other returns to its original length.

16. The Skin Major Functions • Prevents the loss of water. • Protects the body from injury and infection. • Regulates body temperature. • Eliminates waste • Gathers information about the environment. • Produces vitamin D.

17. Epidermis • Outer layer of skin – live cells are at the base, and the surface consists of dead cells. Contains only pores and hair.

18. Dermis • Located below the epidermis and above a layer of fat. • Contains blood vessels and nerves, hair follicles, sweat glands, and oil glands,

19. Caring For Your Skin • Eat Healthy • Drink plenty of water • Limit exposure to the sun • Keep the skin clean