Chapter 8 Section 2

1. Chapter 8 Section 2

2. Do-Now • In your notes, complete the identifications for Chapter 8, Section 2 • Pg 294 people and events to identify…put directly into your notes

3. Slavery splits up the political parties in the 1850s • Anti-slavery whigs, free soilers and anti-slavery democrats make a new party: the Republican Party*** • They do not want to get rid of slavery in the South, they just say NO to slavery in North and in West

4. Election of 1856 • Repub: John Fremont • Dems: James Buchanan • American Party: Milliard Fillmore • Buchanan wins

5. Dred Scott Case • Scott is a slave who goes to live in North for a few yrs with owner then goes back South • Goes to court to get freedom because he lived in North • Goes to Supreme Court (highest court in America)

6. Dred Scott Case, Continued • ****Problem: most of the court judges are Southerners (pro-slavery, think slaves have no rights) • Court rules against Scott, says slaves are notcitizens of the US, can’t go to court • Also say that government can’t tell territories and states in the West that they can’t have slaves

7. Dred Scott Decision • South=very happy • North=very mad, says they won’t listen to court ruling • Many slaves go to Canada because they aren’t free or safe here

8. Kansas Becoming a State • North and South fight over Kansas-should it be a free state or a slave state? • Pro-slavery people make a constitution, but the anti-slavery people do not like it, they fight • Kansas does not become a state until 1861

9. 1858 Senate Race-Illinois • Abraham Lincoln (Repub) vs. Stephen Douglas (Dem) • They have many debates about having slavery in the West or not • Douglas wins election but Lincoln becomes popular

10. John Brown • Believes that he is sent by heaven to end slavery • Wants to steal a bunch of military weapons from Harper’s Ferry, Virginia and give them to slaves to revolt • He is caught and executed for treason

11. John Brown Raid • North thinks John Brown is a hero • South thinks he was a traitor, and is scared of slave revolts

12. Chapter 8 Section 3

13. Main Ideas • Copy all identifications from Section 3 into your notes • Main Ideas: The relationship between the North and the South was broken by 1860 • Lincoln becoming President causes the South to leave

14. Election of 1860 • Democratic Party splits on slavery too • Because the Dems support splits, it makes it easier for Republicans to win elections • Lincoln (Repub) runs against Douglas (North Dem) and Breckenridge (South Dem) and wins the Election of 1860

15. Secession Begins • South Carolina is first state in South to leave the Union in Feb 1861 • Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, & Texas are next. • All keep their federal bases and weaponry

17. Crittendon Compromise • Wants to avoid war • John J. Crittenden (KY) says North should • Guarantee slavery where it already existed in South/West • Put back Missouri Compromise line (36’30) extended to California border • Lincoln and Northern Republicans say no

18. Confederacy • Secession states call themselves the Confederate States of America • Elected Jefferson Davis as 1st President • Constitution based on US but it guaranteed slavery in Confederate territory • Banned importation of slaves from other countries • Presidency= single, 6-year term

19. What Now? • Lincoln says he doesn’t want a war, ignores what the South is doing • Civil War begins when South takes Fort Sumter in SC which belonged to the Union gov’t (4/12/1861)

20. War Begins • Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, & Arkansas also leave Union • Upper South did not want to leave Union, but did not want to fight the Lower South • Both North and South ask for army volunteers to fight • Kentucky and Missouri are split on leaving Union or staying