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CHAPTER 8, SECTION 2-3

CHAPTER 8, SECTION 2-3. Education Reform & The Rise of Segregation. Problems facing Education in late 1800s. Low attendance Small curriculum- reading, arithmetic, and writing Emphasis on memorization Teachers had basic education Few opportunities for higher education

frederica-schulze
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CHAPTER 8, SECTION 2-3

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  1. CHAPTER 8, SECTION 2-3 Education Reform & The Rise of Segregation

  2. Problems facing Education in late 1800s Low attendance Small curriculum- reading, arithmetic, and writing Emphasis on memorization Teachers had basic education Few opportunities for higher education High population of non-English speaking immigrant children Few schools for younger children (kindergarten)

  3. Reforms to Education You are members of a local school board in a quickly growing city. (groups of 2). You will be given 10-15 minutes to come up with ways you will help solvethe previous problems listed and reform your education system. Come up with a solution to as many of the problems as you can.

  4. Reforms imposed Mandatory attendance laws (12-16 weeks annually) Expanding curriculum to science, civics, and social sciences Offering higher education for teachers. Higher education offered to lower classes. Immigrant children taught English and “Americanized” in schools. More kindergarten classes offered for children of employed mothers.

  5. White Boards!! What groups’ needs are not being addressed in the issue of education reform?

  6. I. The Rise of Segregation • A. Southern whites responded to free blacks with new vicious methods of oppression.

  7. II. Voting Restrictions • A. Whites were concerned about the impact of African-Americans. Voters so southern states employed new tactics to restrict voting • B. Poll tax-own property and pay to vote • C. Literacy tests-pass a test (which was harder than blacks) • D. Grandfather Clauses were used to exempt white voters from restrictions

  8. III. Segregation • A. Jim Crow Laws, legally segregating black/whites were firmly established in the South by 1900 • B. Laws allowed separation in schools, parks, hospitals, public buildings, theatres, toilets, water fountains, buses and trains

  9. C. 1896 Supreme Court hears case Plessey v. Ferguson, allowing separate facilities as long as they were equal. Wouldn’t be overturned until 1957.

  10. IV. Violence A. Lynching's were common in the South and those who carried them out were rarely caught or punished because of all white juries. B. 190 lynching’s from 1890- 1899. C. Ida B. Wells fought against them, but no anti lynching laws until 1940’s.

  11. V. African Americans Respond • A. Black leaders remained outspoken against discrimination and formed new organizations • B. Bishop Henry Turner founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church which advocated black pride and emigration to Africa • C. W.E.B. Du Bois denounced political, economic and civil discrimination Turner Du Bois

  12. African Americans Respond Cont… • D. In 1910, Du Bois founds the NAACP, by 1914 there were 6,000 members and its magazine reached 30,000 • 1. The NAACP worked (still does) primarily through the courts • E. Booker T. Washington promoted gaining education and job skills and founded the Tuskegee Institute

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