1 / 27

Aristotle, the Great Teacher (384-322 BCE)

Aristotle, the Great Teacher (384-322 BCE). Aristotle was student of Plato Studied biology, astronomy, botany, moral philosophy, logic Developed syllogisms All people are mortal Socrates was a person Therefore, Socrates is Mortal This was the beginning of rational/ scientific thought.

tomas
Download Presentation

Aristotle, the Great Teacher (384-322 BCE)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Aristotle, the Great Teacher(384-322 BCE) • Aristotle was student of Plato • Studied biology, astronomy, botany, moral philosophy, logic • Developed syllogisms • All people are mortal • Socrates was a person • Therefore, Socrates is Mortal • This was the beginning of rational/ scientific thought

  2. Alexander the Great How well did he learn from his teacher? Did he achieve happiness using his teacher’s definition? 2 Questions to THINK about…

  3. Aristotle’s Moral Philosophy • Happiness is the goal of life • It takes a whole lifetime • We confuse happiness with pleasure, good health, wealth, knowledge… • these are the means but not the goal of life • We need balance and proportion SO, How can we be truly happy? • We need to know how to act and we need habits that we act on in the long term : “Complete Virtue” Alexander the Great

  4. Aristotle’s Golden Mean • Developing good habits in balance cowardicecouragefoolhardiness shyfriendliness overbearing virtue

  5. Aristotle Applied Today Positive Psychology • 7 Scientifically Researched Traits of the Happy:People who are happy have 5 or more of these qualities: • Relationships: Keep close friendships • Caring: those who care for others or volunteer • Exercise the body • Strengths and Virtues: work toward goals • Flow: Become absorbed in your work • Spiritual engagement • Positive Mindset: Optimism and Gratitude For more info see www.pursuit-of-happiness.org

  6. How did these coarse mountain people - considered uncivilized by many of the city-states of southern Greece - get to a position controlling all Greece…then all of Persia? Aegae

  7. Why was Philip’s army so powerful? Hint…

  8. Philip II Philip made king at age 23 Ruthless Politician Macedonians respected power over culture Brilliant General Philip doubled the size of a Phallanx 16 x16 (256 men) Longer spears (18 ft) Introduces Cavalry: “The Companions”

  9. Demosthenes’ warnings ignored Greek city-states had continued to quarrel since the Peloponnesian War Philip II Attacks City-States That Resist Him Battle of Chaeronea young Alexander : a Companion League of Corinth On to Persia!!.......... But, there’s a problem

  10. Philip is assassinated! Olympias of Epirus Cleopatra, and son Pausanias the bodyguard Philip Alexander Olympias

  11. Alexander the Great • Only 20 when he becomes King • Well groomed for the position • Student of Aristotle • Science • Literature • Geography • Hero was Achilles • Trip to Troy

  12. Theban Revolt Stamped Out! • Against the “boy” Alexander! • His response? • See picture for clue…

  13. Persia ! • Crosses Hellespont w/30,000 hoplites 5000 cavalry • Companions! Victory at Granicus encourages Greek Ionians to join • Victory at Issus • 100,000 Persians • What does Alexander do?

  14. At Issus, Darius tries to play nice… • Offers peace settlement • Does Alexander accept the offer? Why or why not?

  15. Macedonian Army Moves Along Coast to Egypt • Subdues difficult fort city of Tyre • Then Egypt How do these people receive Alexander and his army? Why?

  16. Battle of Gaugamela • “I will not steal my victory” • Historian Arrian: • “There ensued a hand-to-hand fight; but when the Macedonian cavalry, commanded by Alexander himself, pressed on vigorously, thrusting themselves against the Persians and striking their faces with their spears, and when the Macedonian phalanx in dense array and bristling with long pikes had also made an attack upon them, all things together appeared full of terror to Darius, who had already long been in a state of fear, so that he was the first to turn and flee” The Decisive end of Persian Empire

  17. The Sack of Persepolis

  18. Final conquest in India • Must get more territory.. • But what are the problems in doing so? • Alex reaches Indus River in 327BC • 11,000 miles in 7 years…tired men…

  19. The Troops are getting tired… • Read the attached speech from Alexander to his troops and answer the attached questions

  20. Alexander attends Mass Marriage of Macedonians and Persians

  21. Alexander dies…How? There are different acounts… Did Alexander achieve his teacher’s goal of happiness? • If not, how close did he get? • Does he deserve the title of “great”?

  22. What was Alexander’s Legacy? • Ended era of independent city-states in Greece • Conquered more land than anyone ever • Spurred on inter cultural blending of Greek and Persian races…Hellenism…What is it? • What happened to his empire? Who was his heir? • Seleucus: Asia Minor • Ptolemy: Egypt • Antigonus: Greece

  23. The Hellenistic Age Greeks and Persians adopting some of each other’s culture Greeks built new cities and roads in Asia with Temples Gymnasiums Theatres Libraries Museums Zoo Wealth and diversity spread through out which led to new discoveries Recent 2011 discovery in Alexandria Egypt…is it Alexander?

  24. A Special City: Alexandria, Egypt Astronomy – idea of earth circling the sun; sun as a ball of fire – Aristarchus Medicine - Galen, the first to practice human dissection a detailed description of the brain Geometry – Pi=3.14… Euclid Physics – Levers – Archimedes Geography – size of earth estimated – Eratosthenes The great lighthouse

  25. Eratosthenes: Renaissance man (ca. 276-ca. 194 B.C.) • Astronomer, math-guy, poet, librarian of Alexandria. • Using sun dials placed some hundreds of miles apart, correctly calculated the circumference of the earth within 200 miles. • Calculated tilt of earth to 1degree • Produced the most accurate map yet; earth divided into degrees of latitude and longitude. • Offered the theory that all of the oceans are really one • first to suggest the possibility of reaching India by sailing west.

  26. Aborted Industry • Models of steam engine and a battery built, but they didn’t use develop such “temple wonders” WHY??? Hero’s (10–70 AD) drawing of his Aeolipile… Also…battery, vending machine…

More Related