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Explore the impacts of climate change on ecosystems, human societies, and the economy. Learn about adaptation options and mitigation strategies, including sea level rise, energy conservation, and alternative energy sources.
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Impacts, Adaptation, and Mitigation • Current News and Weather • Finish Climate Projections • Climate Change Impacts • Adaptation Options • Mitigation Strategies • For Next Class: Read Gilbert (2016) Exam IV on Wednesday. Old Exam Study Session 12-4 PM on Thursday in 345Rankin West. Final Exam 11 AM on Friday (5/4).
Effects on Ecosystems • Carbon Fertilization: Depends on whether they are C3 or C4 plants. • Corn is at a disadvantage compared to C3 weeds in a world with higher CO2 because C4 plants do not photosynthesize as well! • Changes of Speciation within Forests • Fate of the spruce-fir ecosystem in S. Apps? • Rising Biosphere in Mountains • Marine Ecosystems • Coral Reefs
Human Impacts? • What are the Societal and Economic Impacts of Climate Change?
Human Impacts • Floods, droughts, and climate extremes likely to increase • Global conflicts may be exacerbated? • Arctic claims in response to decreasing summer sea ice? • Environmental refugees • Food shortages and higher food prices?
Adapting to Climate Change • Sea Level Rise: Approximately 10% of worlds population is found within Low Elevation Coastal Zones (LECZs) • 60% of population of the Netherlands lives within LECZs • Significant problem facing society! • Water Management: How to ensure adequate and clean water when quantity and dependability of existing supplies is decreasing? • Glacier retreat in tropical Andes!
Sea Level Rise • What are the major contributions to observed and projected global sea level rise?
Group Discussion • How should low lying coastal zones (e.g., South Florida, NC Outer Banks) begin to prepare for sea level rise? • What are some specific adaptation and mitigation strategies? • How might sea level rise impact you personally?
Mitigation Strategies • Kyoto Protocol • CO2 emissions 5% below 1990 • Ratified by 182 countries, bi-partisan rejection in U.S. • Energy Conservation and other “Soft” Measures • Alternative Energy Sources • Wind, nuclear, solar, tidal, biomass-based fuels • Carbon Capture and Storage (CSS) • Also known as carbon sequestration and involves burying carbon in ground • Geoengineering of Global Climate