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Learn about Transformational Stewardship, a leadership approach for organizational change, balancing change and organizational values. Explore key functions of leadership, management, and transformation. Assess strategic management and organizational learning for successful change initiatives.
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Strategic Management:Transforming Your Organization Jed Kee Professor of Public Policy and Public Administration, GWU
Transforming Public and Nonprofit Organizations • Kathy Newcomer and my book, Transforming Public and Nonprofit Organizations: Stewardship for Leading Change, is based on research and case studies involving six organizations. • We propose a leadership approach to organizational change that we have labeled Transformational Stewardship.
Transformational Stewardship Transformational stewardship, in the broadest sense, can be thought of as a leadership function in which those exercising leadership (those with “legitimate” authority as well as others throughout the organization exercising a leadership role) have developed certain attributes that provide a foundation for their actions, and which balance the need for change with the protection of important organizational and public interest values. These attributes reflect: • A leaders’ personal outlook or attitude (their inner-personal beliefs or values), • How they approach a situation (their operational mindset), and • How they involve others in the function (their inter-personal actions/interactions with others).
Transformation—Leading Change • Just as there are distinctions between managing and leading, there may be distinctions between leadership in general and changing or transforming organizations.
Managers versus Leaders The manager does things right; The leader does the right thing. Warren Bennis
Leading versus Transforming Leading involved discerning the right course to follow. Transforming involves creating a future state for the organization.
Diagnosing Change Risk and Organiza-tional Capability Strategizing and Making the Case for Change Implement-ing and Sustaining Change Reinforcing Change and Creating a Change-Centric Organization Capacity-enhancing/learning loop Executive Leadership Responsibilities
Key Management Functions • Planning and Strategic Thinking • Organizing and Team Building • Implementing and Reinforcing • Monitoring and Evaluating • Being Accountable
Key Leadership Functions • Diagnosing and Scanning • Strategizing and Visioning • Aligning and Mobilizing • Inspiring and Building Trust • Creating an Ethical Environment
Key Transformational Functions • Creating new visions and values; future oriented • Empowering; creating widespread ownership • Reinventing the organization’s culture to better meet future challenges. • Creating “learning organizations” • Forming partnerships to fulfill expanding missions.
Strategic Management Strategic Management is a primary responsibility of executive leadership. Among the critical functions are the following: • Developing a clear vision and goals and objectives; • Assessing and interfacing with the organization’s socio-political-economic environment; • Creating mechanism to facilitate change; and • Building an effective performance management system.
Visioning, Mission Statement and Goals and Objectives • Visioning: the process for achieving agreement on and commitment to the future of the organization. A vision statement captures that desirable future. • Mission Statements:affirm the direction desired for an organization to move toward the expressed vision. Mission statements serve as a basis for developing more detailed, measurable program goals and objectives. Keys to good mission statements are: focusing on what is most important, keeping it brief, making it inspiring and making sure it guides employees. • Goals and Objectives: create specific targets for the organization and its employees. Goals are generally broader and longer term, whereas objectives are typically targets to be achieved within a specific time frame.
Assessing Strategic Management • To what extent are vision and mission statements pertinent to the change and clear to the members of the organization? • To what extent is there flexibility to move human and financial resources to support the change effort? • To what extent are performance measures in place to track outcomes of the change initiative? • To what extent do employees have training and career development opportunities to enable them to support the change initiative? • To what extent are employee goals and objectives aligned with the change strategy?
Assessing Organizational Learning • To what extent are continuous improvement programs in place? • To what extent are individuals and teams encouraged to learn from their past actions, through after-action reports and other methods of organizational learning?