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Properties of Matter

Properties of Matter. Section 15.2. Warm up . What is matter? What are the three states of matter? Fill in the tables with one difference between each of the following: Element and compound Compound and mixture. Objectives . Identify substances using physical properties.

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Properties of Matter

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  1. Properties of Matter Section 15.2

  2. Warm up • What is matter? • What are the three states of matter? • Fill in the tables with one difference between each of the following: Element and compound Compound and mixture

  3. Objectives • Identify substances using physical properties. • Compare and contrast physical and chemical changes. • Identify chemical changes. • Determine how the law of conservation of mass applies to chemical changes.

  4. Introduction • What properties can be used to describe the items in the following figure?

  5. Physical properties • Any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the identity of the substance. • Examples of physical properties are: Color, size, shape, mass, volume, density, melting point, boiling point, attraction to magnet and the ability to flow.

  6. Some physical properties describe the behavior of materials or substances. • Examples are copper and gold.

  7. Using physical properties to separate • How can you separate a mixture of iron filling and sand? • How can you separate a mixture of seeds and sand?

  8. Physical change

  9. Physical change

  10. Use physical change to separate Distillation

  11. Chemical properties and changes • A chemical property is a characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a chemical change. • Examples: flammability,

  12. Detecting chemical change • Chemical change: a change of one substance to another. • Examples of chemical change

  13. Chemical change

  14. Clues of chemical change • Smell, • change in color • formation of gas • formation of a precipitate • pop sound • production of heat • cooling • formation of bubbles, light, foaming…

  15. Using chemical change to separate • Cleaning tarnished silver. • Tarnish is a chemical reaction between silver metal and sulfur compounds in the air. • We can remove tarnish by placing the tarnished silver item in warm water, baking soda and aluminum foil. • Many metals are separated from their ores and then purified by using chemical changes.

  16. The conservation of mass • Matter is neither created nor lost during a chemical change. • The mass of all substances that are present before a chemical change equals the mass of all substances that remain after the chemical change. • Example: when a chemical reaction takes place, the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products. If 18 g of hydrogen react completely with 633 g of chlorine, how many grams of HCl are formed? H2 + Cl2 2 HCl

  17. Wrap up • What is a physical property? • What is a chemical property? • Distinguish between a physical and chemical change. • Examples of a physical and chemical change and properties. • Law of conservation of mass

  18. Home Work • Page: 465 # 1 to 6 • Practice problem page: 463 # 1 and 2 • Quiz in section 15.2

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