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Process of Smelting Zinc

Process of Smelting Zinc. Group member: Crystal Emma Blair Stephen Kevin Feng Lin Introducer: Kevin Feng Lin.

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Process of Smelting Zinc

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  1. Process of Smelting Zinc Group member: Crystal Emma Blair Stephen Kevin FengLin Introducer: Kevin Feng Lin

  2. Zinc smelting is the process of converting zinc concentrates into pure zinc. Zinc smelting has historically been more difficult than the smelting of many other metals, because in comparison to iron, zinc has a fairly low boiling point- at the temperatures typically used for smelting metals, zinc is a gas that will escape from a furnace with the flue-gas and be lost, unless specific measures are taken to prevent that.

  3. Two methods of smelting zinc There are two methods of smelting zinc: the pyrometallurgical process and the electrolysis process.Both methods are still used. Both of these processes share the same first step: roasting.

  4. The first process---Roasting Roasting is a process of oxidizing zinc sulfide concentrates at high temperatures into an impure zinc oxide, called "Zinc Calcine". The chemical reactions taking place during the process are: The process of roasting varies based on the type of roaster used. There are three types of roasters: multiple-hearth, suspension, and fluidized-bed.

  5. The second process---Electrolysis process The electrolysis process is more widely used than the pyrometallurgical processes. The electrolysis process consists of 4 steps: leaching, purification, electrolysis, and melting and casting. Leaching(过滤） The basic leaching chemical formula that drives this process is: Purification The purification process utilizes the cementation process to further purify the zinc. It uses zinc dust and steam to remove copper, cadmium, which would interfere with the electrolysis process. Electrolysis The process works by passing an electric current through the solution in a series of cells. This causes the zinc to deposit on the cathodes and oxygen to form at the anodes. Melting and casting The final step is to melt the cathodes in an induction furnace. It is then either cast into pure zinc (99.995% pure) ingots or alloyed and cast into ingots.

  6. The final process---Pyrometallurgicalprocess The major downfall of any of the pyrometallurgicalprocess(热冶过程）is that it is only 98% pure; a standard composition is 1.3% lead, 0.2% cadmium, 0.03% iron, and 98.5% zinc. This may be pure enough for galvanization（通流电）, but not enough for die casting alloys, which requires special high-grade zinc (99.995% pure).

  7. Thank you!!!

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