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During the semester

During the semester. Introductions Basics of earthquakes History and Recording Damaging Earthquakes and Understanding seismic exposure Undertaking loss assessment Seismic analysis; and design and detailing ( RCC and Masonry ). Recent Seismic Event. Recent Seismic Event.

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During the semester

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  1. During the semester • Introductions • Basics of earthquakes • History and Recording • Damaging Earthquakes and Understanding seismic exposure • Undertaking loss assessment • Seismic analysis; and design and detailing (RCC and Masonry)

  2. Recent Seismic Event

  3. Recent Seismic Event Try reading different tabs at http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/us2011ggbx.php#scitech Alternate link Which Plates?

  4. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction

  5. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Construction Type • Infrastructure • How much critical? • Such as Bridges, Power Plants, Industrial sheds, etc. • Housing • Occupancy levels (high or low?) • High density or Rural

  6. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Classify as: • Foundation • Super-Structure Design of both and compare stiffness and strength capacities

  7. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction

  8. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Foundation Damage

  9. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Foundation Damage Chuetsu earthquake-earthquake liquefaction

  10. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Ground Settlement

  11. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Foundation Damage

  12. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Foundation Weaknesses • Liquefaction Temporary loss of strength in soil, which acts like a fluid. • Differential settlementOver an area, non-uniform settlement of soil. Represented by different COMPACTION levels. • Lateral Spread Movement /settlementLateral movement of loose soils • LandslideIn slopes. Critical factors are- 1) Slope angle, 2) Soil type, etc. • Ground Cracking Large crack or Lurching in form of irregular ground surface cracks • SubsidenceVertical movement of ground surface. Rare.

  13. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Foundation WeaknessesLiquefaction

  14. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Foundation WeaknessesDifferential settlement

  15. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Foundation WeaknessesLateral Spread

  16. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Foundation WeaknessesLand Slide

  17. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Foundation WeaknessesGround Subsidence (Rare)

  18. Structural Weakness

  19. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Structural Weakness • Symmetry Centre of Gravity and Geometry. • Regularity Vertical and Horiz. • Openings Spacing and size • Soft Storey effect Change in Stiffness, mass, strength and ductility • Local eccentricity • Pounding Control deflection • OtherItems with a potential to fall. Such as- Long cantilevers, partition, badly fixed non-structural components

  20. List of Codes and standards related to Earthquake Engineering List • IS 1893:1984  Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures • IS 1893(Part 1):2002 `Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures :  Part 1 General provisions and Buildings • IS 1893(Part 4):2005 `Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures:  Part 4 Industrial Structures Including Stack Like Structure • IS 4326:1993  Earthquake Resistant Design and Construction of Buildings - Code of  Practice • IS 13827:1993  Improving Earthquake Resistance of Earthen Buildings – Guidelines • IS 13828:1993  Improving Earthquake Resistance of Low Strength Masonry Buildings – Guidelines • IS 13920:1993  Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Seismic Forces – Code of Practice • IS 13935:1993  Repair and Seismic Strengthening of Buildings – Guidelines • IS 4967:1968  Recommendations for Seismic Instrumentation for River Valley Projects • Eurocode 0: Basis of design • Eurocode1: Actions on structures • Eurocode 8 (Part 1 to 6): Earthuakes • International building code, ASCE and collaboration codes

  21. List of Codes and standards related to Earthquake Engineering Internet Sources • http://nisee.berkley.edu • http://www.bis.org.in/other/quake.htm • http://www.nicee.org/IITK-GSDMA_Codes.php • http://www.eurocodes.co.uk/EurocodeDetail.aspx?Eurocode=8 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Building_Code • http://www.asce.org/codes-standards/list/ Recommended Reading

  22. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Performance Levels and Ranges • Performance based design is a new approach used in earthquake resistance design and construction. • FEMA document FEMA356 has more details • These are:

  23. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Performance Levels and Ranges

  24. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Performance Levels and Ranges

  25. Basics of Earthquake resistant Construction Summary • Note different collapse modes • Note different damage modes • Stiffness of Foundation and Stiffness of Structure is important • Bad foundation or soil needs to be looked at, so the structure performs as desired in an earthquake

  26. Discuss • 2nd Assignment • Book Reviews

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