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How does science solve the problem of obesity

How does science solve the problem of obesity . Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health. The problem. In the United States (Gould 2012): 2 out of every 3 adults (62%) are overweight or obese

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How does science solve the problem of obesity

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  1. How does science solve the problem of obesity Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health

  2. The problem • In the United States (Gould 2012): • 2 out of every 3 adults (62%) are overweight or obese • Obesity-related illness treatments cost an estimated $190.2 billion • In Germany (English 2011) : • 13.7% of adults are obese • 36.4% are overweight

  3. Overweight and obesity - men, 2008 Overweight and obesity - women, 2008

  4. The Solution: Orlistat • 1983 • Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Switzerland • First developedtocontrolharmfulchemicals in thepancreas

  5. How does Orlistat work? • Your stomach and intestine have enzymes, called lipases, that break down fat into smaller molecules, which are then absorbed from your digestive tract. • Orlistat binds to lipases keeps them from digesting the eaten fat • 30% of the fat eaten is blocked (Orlistat) • Undigested fat is passed out in feces Dose is 3 tablets daily, lasts 1-2 hours, and can be taken for 1-2 years. Longer if necessary. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vrfO9hS40jA

  6. Effectiveness of Orlistat • Orlistat reduces body weight by an average of 5-10%. • The greatest rate of weight loss occurs within the first six months of treatment. • Not more weight is lost over 2 years because only 30% of the fat is blocked. • Exercise must be included in the weight loss plan • Losing fat faster can actually be unhealthy

  7. Research • A study found that patients taking Orlistat lost more weight than those on a placebo: ~9kg versus 6kg. (Davidson 1999)

  8. Human Health Interactions: Research • Research studies showed that people taking Orlistat • had a 60% reduction in the absorption of Vitamin E (Melia 1996) • displayed “vitamin D levels that were significantly reduced” (McDuffie 2002) • Of those sampled who were taking Orlistat and no vitamin supplement (Xenical Indications and Usage): • 12% developed a low level of Vitamin D • 5.8% developed a low level of Vitamin E

  9. Human Health Interactions: Effects • Vitamin D and Vitamin A are absorbed with the fat that you eat • Studies indicate that Orlistat prevents your body from absorbing fat and therefore also vitamins D and E • Vitamins D helps your body absorb calcium used in making bone. The use of Orlistat could lead to softer bones that may be more prone to breaking. • Vitamin Ehelps maintain a healthy immune system, protects cells from antioxidants, and helps produce blood cells. The use of Orlistat could lead to a weaker immune system. People taking Orlistat were recommended by their doctors to also take Vitamin supplements 2 hours before or 2 hours after the use of Orlistat to offset the effects of vitamin loss.

  10. Resources • "Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) Oral : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMD." WebMD, n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. <http://www.webmd.com/drugs/drug-6152-cholecalciferol vitamin D3 Oral.aspx?drugid=6152>. • Davidson, Michael H., PhD. "Weight Control and Risk Factor Reduction in Obese Subjects Treated for 2 Years With Orlistat." American Medical Association, 20 Jan. 1999. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. <http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=188381>. • English, Cythnthia, and Nicolas Scharioth. "Half of Germans Are Obese and Overweight." Half of Germans Are Obese and Overweight. Gallup, 27 Oct. 2011. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. <http://www.gallup.com/poll/150359/half-germans-obese-overweight.aspx>. • Galland, Leo, Dr. "Solving America's Obesity Crisis." Health. The Christian Broadcasting Network, n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. <http://www.cbn.com/health/weightloss/fatresistance_galland.aspx>. • Gould, Danielle. "A Systems Approach to Solving America's Obesity Problem." Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 11 May 2012. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. <http://www.forbes.com/sites/daniellegould/2012/05/11/a-systems-approach-to-solving-americas-obesity-problem/>. • McDuffie, J. R. "Result Filters." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, July 2002. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12126214>. • Melia, A. T., and S. G. Koss-Twardy. "Result Filters." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, July 1996. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8844448>. • "Obesity Update 2012." Obesity Update 2012. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, n.d. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. <http://www.oecd.org/health/49716427.pdf>.

  11. Resources • "Orlistat." Orlistat. EMedTV, n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. <http://weight-loss.emedtv.com/orlistat/orlistat.html>. • "Orlistat (Xenical)." - EMedExpert.com, 25 Apr. 2011. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. <http://www.emedexpert.com/facts/orlistat-facts.shtml>. • "Overweight and Obesity - BMI Statistics." Overweight and Obesity - BMI Statistics. European Commission, Nov. 2011. Web. 13 Nov. 2012. <http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Overweight_and_obesity_-_BMI_statistics>. • "Patient.co.uk - Trusted Medical Information and Support." Patient.co.uk. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. <http://www.patient.co.uk/health/Orlistat-Help-With-Weight-Loss.htm>. • "Possible Interactions With: Vitamin D." University of Maryland Medical Center, n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. <http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/vitamin-d-000995.htm>. • Traister, Jeffrey. "Drug Interactions With Vitamin D Supplements." LIVESTRONG.COM, 22 Oct. 2010. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. <http://www.livestrong.com/article/286589-drug-interactions-with-vitamin-d-supplements/>. • "Xenical Indications and Usage." Xenical Indications, Contraindications and Warnings.Pharmcom, n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. <http://www.pharmcom.com/xenical_indications.html>. • "Xenical (Orlistat) Cost." Generic Xenical (Orlistat 60/120mg) $1.35 Pill. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. <http://www.healthy-people.biz/buy-xenical-usa.html>.

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