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Geleyn Corneliss • d. 1572 • Geleyn Corneliss, a shoemaker, was arrested during a worship service. He was suspended by his right thumb with a weight tied to his left foot. While he was suspended the commissaries of the Duke of Alva burned his underarms with candles and eventually settled down to play cards. Geleyn didn't give up any of the names of his fellow believers nor did he abandon his faith. He was burned at the stake with several others who had been arrested at the worship service.
Conrad Grebel • b. ca.1498, d. 1526 • Zwingli and Zürich • Father of Anabaptism • Performed first baptism, of George Blaurock • Missionary travels • Nature of community 3
Andres Langedul • d. 1559 • Andres Langedul was arrested on his front porch while reading the Bible. The charge was having secret meetings to listen to the Word of God. He was executed with the sword. One of the men who was executed at the same time wrote several hymns that were sent to their friends on the outside.
Felix Manz • b. ca. 1498, d. January 5, 1527 • Zwingli and Zürich with Grebel • Hosted first community meetings • First casualty of the Zürich council, and the first Swiss Anabaptist to be martyred at the hands of other Protestants
Pieter Pietersz • d. 1569 • Pieter Pietersz, a boatman, gathered believers on his boat to worship and study. When his child was born he took the child away to avoid infant baptism. For these crimes he was executed with fire.
George Blaurock • b. C. 1491, d. September 6, 1529 • With Grebel and Manz in opposition to Zwingli in Zürich • Instigated first adult baptism in Zürich • Beaten and permanently expelled from Zürich • He kept moving - Bern, Biel, the Grisons, Appenzell, Tyrol. • September 6, 1529, burned at the stake near Klausen.
Ursel van Essen • d. 1570 • Ursel van Essen was scourged with rods twice in one day on her bare skin. She bore all these tortures without complaint even though she was said to have tender skin. She was told by the court that she should not say anything on the street on the way to her execution. She said, "And may I not sing a little, and say something now and then?" They tied her mouth shut so she wouldn't have the chance. She was burned in a small hut.
Michael Sattler • b. 1495?, d. 1527 • Main leader when Manz, Grebel and Blaurock martyred or died • Banished from Zurich in 1525 and traveled to Horb, Rottenburg, and eventually to Strasbourg • Influential in developing Schleitheim Confession • May, 1527, Sattler arrested by Roman Catholic authorities, along with his wife and several other Anabaptists • Tried and sentenced to be executed as a heretic • tongue was cut out • red hot tongs were used to tear two pieces of flesh from his body. • taken outside the city by wagon • tongs were used on him five more times • then burned at the stake
Maeyken Wens • d. 1573 • Maeyken Wens, a mother and teacher in the church, was burned at the stake along with several other women. At her execution a tongue screw was put on to keep her from singing or encouraging people in the crowd. Her son Adriaen kept the tongue screw as a remembrance of his mother. She wrote several letters to Adriaen before her death encouraging him to follow the Lord and to take care of his little brother Hans.
Balthasar Hübmaier • ca. 1480 – March 10, 1528 • Fame as a pulpiteer widespread -> preacher in Catholic church at Regensburg, 1516 • 1521, went to Waldshut • March, 1523 in Zürich, met Zwingli • 1525, met anabaptists in Waldshut -> baptized Hübmaier • December 1525, Hubmaier fled to Zürich • Zwingli rather had him arrested • Hubmaier requested a disputation on baptism. Lost. Hubmaier agreed to recant • spiritual anguish brought on by his actions -> "I cannot and I will not recant." • In prison and under the torture of the rack, he did offer the required recantation. • Left Switzerland for Nikolsburg in Moravia • "I may err - I am a man - but a heretic I cannot be...O God, pardon me my weakness". • 1527, Waldshut, seized by Austrian authorities, taken to Vienna • Held in Castle Gratzenstain until March 1528 • Suffered torture on the rack, and was tried for heresy and convicted • March 10, 1528, taken to the public square and executed by burning • Three days later his wife was drowned in Danube • All of his publications contained the motto Die warheit ist untödlich (Truth is Immortal).
Joris Wippe • d. 1558 • Joris Wippe, was drowned in a wine cask filled with water by a soldier because the executioner would not do the job. The executioner didn't want to do it because Joris had often fed his wife and children. He was known as being liberal to the poor. It seemed no one wanted him dead for they respected his life and faith. He wrote several letters while imprisoned but he was watched closely so he couldn't get any ink. He wrote his final letter to his family with mulberry juice.
Menno Simons • b. 1496, d. January 3,1561 • born in Friesland, Holland. • Little known of early life and education • 1524, ordained as Roman Catholic priest • Study of the New Testament soon began to produce doubts • Luther's writings also influenced him to leave the Roman Church • Went farther than either Luther or Calvin, soon allied himself with the Dutch Anabaptists • Baptised in 1537 by Obbe Philip • Fame as a writer and as a preacher grew, soon the Anabaptists of that area acknowledged him as their leader • Aftermath of Münster disaster • Preached non-violent type of Anabaptism in the Netherlands until 1544, became much pursued heretic • constant activity made possible the survival and spread of the original, peaceful Anabaptist movement when it was most threatened by persecution
Maria von Monjou • d. 1552 • On the way to being drowned for her faith, Maria of Monjou, said, "I have been the bride of a man, but today I hope to be the bride of Christ, and to inherit His Kingdom with Him." She had been baptized upon her confession of faith and now with her drowning was baptized with suffering.
Jacob Hutter • b. ?, d. February 25, 1536 • Hutterites • Radical community • Community of goods • Nonviolence • Believer’s baptism • tortured and burned alive on February 25, 1536
Anneken Heyndricks • d. 1571 • Anneken Heyndricks, at age 53, was sentenced to be burned alive. One of her neighbors betrayed her to the officials. She had been an Anabaptist for almost 20 years and had married a fellow believer. After she was tied to the ladder she said, "I firmly trust in God, who shall help me out of my distress." Her executioners didn't let her talk anymore but filled her mouth with gunpowder and carried her out to the fire.
Gerrit Hasepoot • d. 1556 • Gerrit Hasepoot, a tailor, was sentenced to be executed. With an infant in her arms, his wife came to bid him farewell. When Gerrit was placed at the stack of wood, he kicked his slippers from his feet, saying, "It were a pity to burn them for they can be of service to some poor person." When the rope that was being used to strangle him slipped he said, "Brethren, sisters, all, goodbye! We must now separate, 'till we meet beyond the sky, with Christ our only head."
Jacques D'Auchy • d. 1559 • When Jacques D'Auchy was arrested he was asked if there were any complaints against his behavior to which the reply was no. His only crime was in believing the wrong things. His pregnant wife visited him while he was in jail. Jacques was so popular with the town people that he was killed secretly at night so no one would know. The person who turned him in to the authorities was driven out of town and never returned.
Maria & Ursula Van Beckum • d. 1554 • When the authorities came to arrest Maria at her home she asked her sister-in-law Ursula to accompany her. They steadfastly held their claim to the truth of the Word (Bible) and were sentenced to death. They embraced and prayed to God to forgive their judges. Ursula watched Maria be burned, and then stepped onto the woodpile for her own execution.
Hans Bret • d. 1570 • Hans Bret was arrested with the whole house where he was an apprentice. While in prison for his faith he wrote many letters. In one he complained to a woman he "loved from the heart," that the torturers had taken away all of the letters she had written to him. These letters had been such a comfort to him. He had given up hope of an earthly marriage but he looked forward to marriage to Christ Jesus following his execution. He had a tongue screw put in his mouth to keep him from witnessing with words on the way to this death.
Dirk Willems • d. 1569 • When Dirk Willems fled from the palace where he was being held and ran over ice on a pond, the guard chasing him fell in. When the others with the guard did not help him, Dirk went back and pulled him to safety. The guard then seized Dirk and took him back to captivity. He was executed by fire.
