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RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES. Renewable energy statistics in Greece: March 2012. Wind. Hydro. Biomass. Photovoltaic. THE MAP OF THESSALY. THE PREFECTURE OF KARDITSA. PLASTIRAS’ LAKE. The Hydro system of the Plastiras’ lake. A BRIEF HISTORY.
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Renewable energy statistics in Greece: March 2012 Wind Hydro Biomass Photovoltaic
THE PREFECTURE OF KARDITSA PLASTIRAS’ LAKE
A BRIEF HISTORY • The Plastiras’ dam was constructed in the late 1950’s. The Tauropos river (Megdovas) is a confluent river of Acheloos. The dam was named like this in honor of Nikolaos Plastiras, a soldier and politician who was the first person that visualized the construction and the location of the dam.
WHY WAS IT CONSTRUCTED? The reservoirs were constructed for the production of hydroelectric energy. A special characteristic of the construction is the fact that the hydroelectric station is located several kilometers east of the dam which results to an unusual height of the fall (577m) and which makes the station produce a very big quantity of energy in comparison to the available quantity of water.
Hydroelctric station Annualproduction: 160 GWh Tank capacity: 0.6 hm3 Water Intake Annual Production: 150 hm3 Water supply: 24hm3 Irrigation: Dam
Altitude 752.4 m Altitude 792 m Altitude 206.4 m Hydroelectric Station WATER INTAKE
THE PLASTIRAS’ DAM Ground Plan
Typical sizes of hydrosystems Watershed: • extent 161.3 km2 • Average altitude1459 m • Average annual runoff 147 hm3 (1029 mm) Dam and Reservoirs: • Arched dam, of height 83 m • Level of water intake+776 m • Level of overflow+792 m • Provision of the spillway 460 m3/s • Useful capacity286 hm3 • Biggest surface 25 km2 Hydroelectric Station: • Τhree Pelton Units • Installed power ι130 MW • Height of Fall 577 m (1 m3 of waterproduces1.3 kWh)
The Components of the Hydroelectric Station Dam High Voltage Grid Water level Altitude difference Hydroelectric station Adaptor Generator Water Intake Turbine Supply I = ρ * g * Q *H*n I:Power(W) ρ:density of water 1000 kg/m3 g:acceleration of gravity 9.81 m/s2 Q:supply m3/s H: altitude difference m n: hydraulic efficiencies 85 % I(kW) = 9.81*Q(m3/s)*H(m)*n
The function of the Hydro system Annual Abstractionshm3 Accepted limit 127.5 hm3 Desired limit 117.0hm3 Water Level m Desired Limit +786 m Accepted limit +784 m
WATER TURBINES • Water turbines are necessary for the production of energy through the fall of water.
The lack of water and the bad management of it The plain of Thessaly needs the water for irrigation but there are not enough water resources. This lack of water is caused by the bad management of it and the overexploitation of the underground aquifers. Sometimes the abstraction of water from the lake exceeds the average annual inflow resulting in a significant drop in it’s level.
The quality of water The water is used for the households of the town of Karditsa and its quality must be really high. The drop in the water level of the lake and the reduction of the water volume increase the concentration of chlorophyll and leads to the deterioration of the water’s quality. The Landscape: The drop in the water level of the lake harms the beauty of the landscape and creates a bare land between the water and the trees. This has a great impact on the image of the area where tourism has rapidly developed.
