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Bythotrephes cederstroemi (BC) & Cercopagis pengoi (CP) Neil J. Elms – 4/13/11

The Water “Fleas”. Bythotrephes cederstroemi (BC) & Cercopagis pengoi (CP) Neil J. Elms – 4/13/11 BIO 108R - Dr. Skinner. Spiny and Fishhook “Flea” Characteristics. 1 – 5 cm long Eye Spot Egg Pouch Tail = 70% of Total Length 1- 4 Tail Barbs Mandibles Mistaken for Daphnia.

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Bythotrephes cederstroemi (BC) & Cercopagis pengoi (CP) Neil J. Elms – 4/13/11

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  1. The Water “Fleas” Bythotrephes cederstroemi (BC) & Cercopagis pengoi (CP) Neil J. Elms – 4/13/11 BIO 108R - Dr. Skinner

  2. Spiny and Fishhook “Flea” Characteristics • 1 – 5 cm long • Eye Spot • Egg Pouch • Tail = 70% of Total Length • 1- 4 Tail Barbs • Mandibles • Mistaken for Daphnia Taxonomy Kingdom – Animal Phylum – Arthropoda Subphylum – Crustacea Class – Branchiopoda Subclass – Phyllopoda Order – Diplostraca Infraorder – Onychopoda Family - Cerpagididae

  3. Spiny and Fishhook Origin • Eurasia – Black, Caspian, Aral, Azov, & Baltic Seas • Great Lakes 1980’s - 90’s; Finger Lakes 2000 • Ballast Tank Stowaways • United States • Commercial and Sport Fishing Gear • Nets, Downriggers, Live Wells

  4. Spiny and Fishhook Origin • Spiny • Fishhook

  5. “Flea” Reproduction • Days to a Week Long Life Span • Both, Sexually and Asexually • Up to 13 Clones Every 10 Days (May thru September) • Brood Pouch • Developing Embryos • Female Clones (May thru August) • Dies After Cloning • Resting / Dormant Eggs • Male and/or Female (1-2 Eggs)

  6. “Flea” Eco Impacts • Eat and Compete with Native Zooplankton (Daphnia) • Rapid Reproduction / Cloning Leads to Eutrophication • Comfortable in Clear and Brackish / Fresh and Salt • Success at Various Water Columns • Adaptive • No Tail Molts to Ensure Continuous Protection • Temperature Regulates Population • Dormant Eggs Carried Thru Poor Conditions • Size • Avoided by Fry • Choke and Suffocate Fry with Tail Barbs • Depletes Food Resources for Larger • Fish, Birds and Humans • No Known Method of Control or Eradication • Practice “Good Fishing Hygiene”

  7. “Flea” Resources • www.caspianenvironment.org/biodb/eng/zooplankton/Cercopagis%20pengoi/main.htm • www.westsidenews.net/OldSite/westside/news/2001/0122/features/lakestudy.html • www.great-lakes.net/envt/flora-fauna/invasive/spinyflea.html • www.dnr.wi.gov/org/caer/ce/eek/critter/insect/waterflea.htm • www.glerl.noaa.gov/seagrant/cercopagis/cercopagisID.htm • www.epa.gov/grtlakes/monitoring/exotics/cercopagis.html • www.gfawesome.org/mad_science/activities.html • www.seagrant.umn.edu/education/index.html • www.epa.gov/region5/enved/resources.html • www.seagrant.umn.edu/exotics/spiny.html • www.dnr.wi.gov/invasives/fact/spiny.htm • www.iiseagrant.org/EXOTICSP/

  8. Questions? Bythotrephes cederstroemi (BC) & Cercopagis pengoi (CP) Neil J. Elms – 4/13/11 BIO 108R - Dr. Skinner

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