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REMAP II Strategic Planning Retreat

REMAP II Strategic Planning Retreat. November 8-11, 2010 Almaty Presentation on Tajikistan Energy Sector & Issues. Overview of Tajikistan’s energy sector. 98% of electricity is generated by the hydropower plants (HPP), which makes Tajikistan highly dependant on hydrology.

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REMAP II Strategic Planning Retreat

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  1. REMAP II Strategic Planning Retreat November 8-11, 2010 Almaty Presentation on Tajikistan Energy Sector & Issues

  2. Overview of Tajikistan’s energy sector • 98% of electricity is generated by the hydropower plants (HPP), which makes Tajikistan highly dependant on hydrology. • Less than 10% of Tajikistan’s vast hydropower potential is currently exploited.

  3. Overview of Tajikistan’s energy sector • The sub-sector also suffers from high system losses, poor financial management, and an unsustainable tariff structure. • In winter 2007 and 2008 due to poor hydrology, the Tajik hydropower system faced major shortfalls in winter generation.

  4. Overview of Tajikistan’s energy sector • Tajikistan’s total energy production capacity is 5,055 Megawatts (MW), or roughly 16 to 17 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh) per year. 4,735 MW (94%) is hydro-generated and 6% comes from coal- or gas-fired thermal power plants. • Because of difficulties obtaining fuel, hydropower production tends to be closer to 99%.

  5. Overview of Tajikistan’s energy sector • The capstone of this system is Nurek Hydropower Station, at 300 meters the tallest dam in the world, on the Vakhsh River. • Begun in 1961, Nurek entered into operation in 1972 and was finally completed in 1979. The plant’s nine turbines are rated at 3,000 Megawatts (MW), and produce approximately 11.2 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh) per year. • Nurek reservoir has a capacity of 10.5 cubic kilometers. • Nurek was originally conceived in tandem with the aluminum smelter built at Regar which consumes almost 50% of the total country’s generation.

  6. Power Sector Issues in Tajikistan • Uzbekistan left the Central Asian Unified Power System (CAUPS) on December 1, 2009. • Tajikistan is experiencing severe electricity shortages in winter period due to the break in regional CAUPS. • In winter 2007 and 2008 when Tajik hydropower system faced major shortfalls in winter generation, Uzbekistan did not allow transit of 1.2 billion kWh to Tajikistan from Turkmenistan despite the previously signed Agreement by three parties for three years.

  7. Prospective Development ofEnergy Sector of Tajikistan • Tajik Government attaches high priority to regional energy trade. In the short-term with Afghanistan for which 220 kV Sangtuda I – Puli Khumri (Afghanistan) transmission line is already completed on Tajikistan’s territory and Afghanistan’s part of this transmission line will be completed in March 2011. In the medium- and longer-term, with other neighbors in the wider Central and South Asia area. • The Government is keen to complete projects that would cover the winter energy deficit and allow export of summer surplus. These key issues are reflected in the CAREC Regional Energy Strategy Action Plan Framework that focuses on energy trade and transit, energy efficiency and security, setting the stage for a more mutually beneficial approach to meeting energy needs in the region. However, some involve resolution of associated riparian issues involving Tajikistan’s neighbors.

  8. Coal Industry development in Tajikistan • Construction of new thermal power stations in the vicinity of Dushanbe and development of the coal mining enterprises. • The most attractive coal deposits is Fon Yaghnob coal mine. U.S. Trade and Development Agency (USTDA) granted $900,000 for investment analysis on the coal mining component of a proposed integrated coal mining and power generation project.

  9. Donors’ support on improvingEnergy System • Donors current support for the rehabilitation of existing system will continue, which is crucial in terms of preventing, or at least minimizing interruptions in power supply. • Principal goal is to improve overall system efficiency, as measured by reduced commercial and system losses as well as enhanced energy security. • Donors also plan to help attract private investment and explore new financial instruments in order to develop export potential. This involvement is intended to complement and leverage private sector investment, for example, by improving transparency, corporate management, the financing of feasibility studies, and defining financing strategies.

  10. New HPPs underConstruction • Sangtudah-2 HPP (220 MW) on Vakhsh river. The project is financed by Iranian Government. This HPP will be completed in the end of 2011. The cost of the project is $180 million. • Zarafshon HPP (150 MW) on Zarafshon river. This HPP was planned to be constructed by Sinohydro Corporation (China) using Chinese financing. This project was postponed due to interference of Uzbekistan and its pressure on Chinese counterparts. • Roghun HPP (3600 МW) on Vakhsh river. Feasibility Study had been conducted by Lahmeyer International (Germany) under the financing of Russian Aluminum company “Rusal”. GoT did not agree with the technical specification designed by Lahmeyer in terms of construction parameters and type of dam. In 2008 the government devoted $50 million to Roghun, which rose to $123 million in 2009 and $150 million in 2010. Estimates vary, but it is expected that it will cost at least $3 billion to build Roghun.

  11. Development of new transmission linesin Tajikistan • 500 kV TL “South-North” and 220 kV TL “Lolazor-Khatlon” were completed in 2009. • 500 kV TL “South-North”: • Length – 386 km; • Project cost – US$282M; • Chinese soft credit – US$276 M; • Construction period was 3 yrs; • Transmission capacity – 8.6 billion kWh per annum; • Includes two 500 kV substations: one in Dushanbe and one in Khujand; • Rehabilitation of 500 kV SS «Regar». • 220 kV TL “Lolazor-Khatlon”: • Length – 90 km. • Project cost – US$58M; • Chinese soft credit – US$56 M; • Two 220 kV SS.

  12. Tajikistan – 500kV Proposed Transmission Line andSubstation Interconnections • Please see the scheme in another file

  13. Policies for Development ofEnergy Sector • Government has adoptedan action plan for 2010-2015, by its Decree No280 dated May 29, 2010, on priority energy projects implementation • Energy saving and energy efficiency is one of strategic tasks. The President stressed in his messages that achieving energy independence is one of the three strategic goals, which are food security, elimination of communication vacuum and energy independence. It is pursued to reach such independence by 2014. The National Development Strategy emphasizes improvements in energy conservation, bringing online micro and small HPPs, and reduction in energy losses.

  14. Electricity Tariff PolicyElectricity Tariffs • Objective: increase electricity tariff levels to cost recovery level of 3.5 cents per kWh by 2011 • By the end of 2010 the average tariff will consist 2.5 US cents

  15. Thank you for your attention!

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