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Struggle for Democracy in South Asia

Struggle for Democracy in South Asia. What caused the ongoing conflict in South Asia?. Struggles after Independence in British India. 1947: British grant independence but country is partitioned due to issues between Hindus & Muslims

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Struggle for Democracy in South Asia

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  1. Struggle for Democracy inSouth Asia What caused the ongoing conflict in South Asia?

  2. Struggles after Independence in British India • 1947: British grant independence but country is partitioned due to issues between Hindus & Muslims • Two countries form 1) India (Hindu) & 2) Pakistan (Muslim), country of Pakistan will have two states: East & West Pakistan • Summer of ’47: millions scramble to relocate – 1 million die during riots Kashmir West Pakistan • Gandhi pleas with Hindus to stop violence – he is assassinated India • 1949: India & Pakistan fight over Kashmir Region (Hindu ruler but Muslim Majority) East Pakistan • UN cease-fire in 1949. 1/3 to Pakistan and 2/3 to India

  3. Gandhi film clips: India/Pakistan split • What are M. Ali Jinnah’s fears in an independent India? What does Jinnah propose? • How do Hindus react to Jinnah’s proposal? What does Gandhi tell the protestors? • What does Gandhi propose to Jinnah? What do Nehru & Jinnah say about this idea? • What happens as Hindus and Muslims leave for India & Pakistan? • What is happening in Calcutta? How do Hindus react to Gandhi’s visit?

  4. Cold War in South Asia • India’s leader Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru joins non-aligned movement • Pakistan’s leader M. Ali Jinnah aligns with US • 1971: Getting few resources, E. Pakistan declares independence naming itself Bangladesh • Civil War erupts, new Indian leader Indira Gandhi backs Bangladesh, US backs Pakistan. Bangladesh wins independence • Soviets form a friendship alliance with India • Sikh nationalists wanting their own country (Punjab) assassinate Indira Gandhi Pakistan after the Civil War • Ali Bhutto takes control after war, brings stability but is overthrown by Gen. Zia • Zia dies in a mysterious plane crash, Benazir Bhutto (Ali’s daughter) becomes PM of Pakistan

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