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Genetic Expression Outside the Skin David Reiss Center for Family Research,

Explore genetic influences on adolescent antisocial behavior, using sibling correlations and parental reports. Identify factors like coercion, negativity, and genetic vs. environmental impact.

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Genetic Expression Outside the Skin David Reiss Center for Family Research,

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  1. Genetic Expression Outside the Skin David Reiss Center for Family Research, George Washington University GWU Research Presentation May 23, 2007 cfrdxr@gwumc.edu

  2. Nonshared Environment in Adolescent Development (NEAD) Sib type (A-A) Genetic related. 93 MZ 100% 99 DZ 50% 95 FS-non div 50% 182 FS-step 50% 109 HS-step 25% 130 Blended step 0% M F A A Time 1 Time 2 Child age 11.5 14.5

  3. Disruptive, rude, aggressive, coercive behavior Trouble in school, skipped school mean, bully. Stole, lied, cheated Adolescent antisocial behavior OBSERVER CODE PARENT AND CHILD REPORT school behavior home and neighborhood brief, in home video

  4. Illustration of within sib pair correlations for estimating genetic influence on antisocial behavior Sibling A Sibling B MZ A’s anti- social behavior B’s anti- social behavior DZ A’s anti- social behavior B’s anti- social behavior

  5. Antisocial behavior: Mother, father, child and observer reportsNumbers on vertical axis are intraclass correlations within sibships Heritability = 67% Environmentality: Shared = 12% Nonshared = 21%

  6. Anger and rejection Coercion Conflict Disagreement Punitiveness Yielding to coercion Open conflict Verbal aggression Parent-child negativity: OBSERVER CODES PARENT AND CHILD REPORT

  7. Illustration of within sibling correlations for detecting genetic influences on mother’s negativity Sibling A Sibling B MZ mother’s negativity to sib A mother’s negativity to sib B DZ mother’s negativity to sib A mother’s negativity to sib B

  8. Mother’s negativity towards child:Within sibship correlations across sibling types. Numbers on vertical axis are intraclass correlations within sibships Heritability = 59% Environmentality: Shared = 15% Nonshared = 26%

  9. Relationships and development:longitudinal study of mother’s negativity and adolescent adjustment Earlier adolescence Later adolescence Mother-child negative interaction Mother-child negative interaction .15 .08 Adolescent anti- social behavior Adolescent anti- social behavior

  10. A simple schema of parent-child relationship Maternal conflict and negativity Parented- directed child behavior Ga

  11. A simple schema of parent-child relationship Maternal conflict and negativity Source: J Ganiban, submitted Parented- directed child behavior • Emotionality • Activity • Sociability (-) • Shyness Factor(s) G Ga

  12. The relationship between child temperament and maternal negativity and conflict Source: J Ganiban, submitted Reactive parent and analyst (Dana Satir and Sureyya Iscan) Hyper-reactive parent Level of maternal neg. (arbitrary units) Non-reactive parent ? psychoanalyst LOW adverse child temperament HIGH

  13. Parental behavior and expression of genetic influence on antisocial behavior Source: M. Feinberg, Arch. Gen. Psychiat., in press Harsh parenting LO Proportion of genetic influence HI on antisocial behavior these include the non-responsive parents Warm parenting LO Directly observed parental behavior HI

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