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The Phoenicians: Masters of Trade & Culture in Ancient Times

Learn about the Phoenicians who thrived between 1200 B.C. to 510 B.C., known for their mastery in trade, exploration, and cultural influence. Discover their cities, gods, alphabet, and significant contributions to history.

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The Phoenicians: Masters of Trade & Culture in Ancient Times

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  1. Chapter 6: The Phoenicians & Hebrews 1200 B.C. – 510 B.C.

  2. Section 1: Phoenicians • Came from small land that connected Mesopotamia & Egypt • Known as Canaanites • Phoenician – means purple merchants • Came from Northern Canaan • Most information we know comes from the Bible

  3. Growth of Trade Effects • Control of Med. Trade • Traveling workshops • Plotted courses by sun & stars • Exploration of new land • Spread of culture • Use of treaties to keep peace Causes Rise of Phoenician Trade • Location along sea • Scarcity of land to grow food • Cedar forests to build ships

  4. Cities of Phoenicia • Each city was its own city-state b/c of isolation from mountains • Money from trade caused jealousy among • Largest cities: Tyre, Byblos, Beirut, Sidon

  5. Led by Kings & Councils • Skilled as carpenters, cabinetmakers, and metal workers • Port = center of activity • Important cloth-dying centers

  6. Gods & Goddesses • Believed in many nature gods • Built temples • Holy of holies – sacred chamber where image or stone was kept • Believed in life after death • Buried their dead in clay urns • Embalmed & wrapped the body

  7. Carthage – 814 BC • Colonies (permanent settlements) turned into trading cities along Northern Africa • Most famous: Carthage • Dido from Tyre said to have built city

  8. Phoenician Alphabet • Use of PicturesHieroglyphicsCanaan WritingAlphabet • 22 Symbols or letters but no vowels • Reader would know what vowel sound to put in • Read from right to left • Used to keep records of trading • Brought to Europe where Greeks & Romans changed it.

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