Newborn: Social-Emotional

1. Newborn: Social-Emotional • emotional development • temperament • attachment • self- development

2. Emotional Development • birth- all basic emotions : happiness, interest, surprise, fear, anger, sadness and disgust, fleeting signs– over time become clear well-organized signals. • smile when full, during sleep, in response to gentle touches and sounds, such as stroking the skin, rocking, and the mother’s soft high-pitched voice • generalized distress to unpleasant experiences such as hunger, painful medical procedures, changes in body temperature and too much or too little stimulation • fleeting expressions of anger appear when the baby cries, increasing in frequency over time • can turn away from unpleasant stimulation, and can mouth and suck when their feelings are too intense but, cannot self-regulate their emotions. Need caretaker’s soothing intervention, and uses this to decrease arousal

3. Temperament

4. Regulation of emotion and temperament • Distinct patterns of atypical behaviors associated with difficulties in Sensory sensory –motor organizational processing problems with sensory reactivity including both hyper and hypo- sensitivity problems with organization of motor activity and the modulation of affect trouble with infant’s ability to interact with the external world difficulty achieving a quiet alert state or a positive affective state difficulty organizing their physiology their sensory responses their behavioral state

5. Emotion regulation and temperament • Hypersensitive type Highly reactive to sensory input • Fearful cautious type -dislike changes in routine, cling in excess easily upset , difficulty in self-soothing, slow to recover from disappointment or frustration, sensitive to lights, touch, noise • Negative defiant type – controlling, stubborn and defiant, difficulty in making transitions and prefer slow, gradual change • As infants- fussy and difficult • As toddlers-may be angry and negativistic, perfectionistic and compulsive, overreative to touch and sound and difficulty in motor planning and coordination • Underreactive type- withdraw and difficult to engage or self-absorbed • motorically disorganized/impulsive type- high activity levels, reckless, impulsive behavior, seek sensory input, seem aggressive but actually more about excitability, impulsivity and poor motor planning, difficulty in maintaining focused attention

6. Attachment Bowlby- infant signals are innate---leads to caretaker response. Over time true affectional bond develops The pre-attachment (birth - 6 weeks) Baby has a variety of built-in signals --grasping, smiling, crying and gazing into the adult’s eyes. This helps bring them into close contact with the caretaker. Caretaker responds and is encouraged to remain nearby because the baby is soothed and comforted when picked up or stroked or talked to. Babies have many sensory capacities that help them to be interactive. Not yet attached to mother because they do not mind being left with an unfamiliar adult.

7. Self Development • earliest aspect of self to emerge is the I self • this is a sense of self as subject, or agent who is separate from but attends to and acts on objects and other people • this starts by infants recognition that their own actions cause objects and people to react in predictable ways • rudimentary imitation, but no separation between self and mother yet…beginning to develop

8. Newborn: Cognitive brain growth

9. Newborn: Cognitive Piaget- Sensorimotor stage Substage 1- reflexive schemes • a scheme is a basic unit of an organized pattern of sensorimotor functioning • schemes are basically reflexive, sucking, grasping, looking • basic means of coordinating sensation and action is through reflexes

10. Memory, Problem Solving, Language Basic building blocks of memory are habituation-repeated presentation of stimulus causes reduced attention to the stimulus • Newborns can habituate Problem-solving- • Newborn is able to turn toward the breast and suck. He searches for physical contact of the head for security. He learns to trust a responsive environment. Sucking is a spontaneous activity that immediately induces a state of calm whether it is associated with food or not. • Language- receptive: prefers high-pitched voices, recognizes sounds from the womb, listens attentively and prefers speech sounds. Expressive- cries can vary in intensity, produces guttural sounds. Pain cries are produced.