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Understanding the Impact of Income Inequality on Mortality Rates in Canada and the United States

Explore the correlation between income inequality and mortality rates in Canada and the United States. This study delves into how varying levels of income distribution influence life expectancy and health outcomes, highlighting factors like social capital and individual social position. By analyzing data from both countries, this research aims to uncover the implications of wealth distribution on public health.

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Understanding the Impact of Income Inequality on Mortality Rates in Canada and the United States

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  1. Income Inequality and Mortality in Canada and the United StatesNancy RossStatistics Canada

  2. Wealthier is healthier for individuals But, despite more wealth, the richest nations are not the healthiest Measures of income distribution do a better job accounting for variations between industrialized countries in life expectancy and mortality (controlling for GNP per capita)(Rodgers 1979, Wilkinson 1992, Duleep 1995) The “Big Idea”

  3. Indirectlyvia underinvestment in human resources low spending on public goods/infrastructure poor social relationships (weak social capital) Directlyvia one’s appraisal of place in the social order social position affords an increased ‘host defence’ (Whitehall) hassles and frustrations of daily living more likely to become pathological when assessed against others’ more enviable situations How Can Inequality be Related to Mortality?

  4. U.S. income and mortality data come from Kaplan et al., 1996 (states) and Lynch et al., 1998 (metropolitan areas). Canadian data from the 1991 census. Mortality data (1990-92) from Statistics Canada’s National Mortality Data Base. Inequality measured as the proportion of total household income (post-transfer but pre-tax) going to least well-off half - “ the median share” The U.S. - Canada Comparison

  5. Metropolitan Area Regression Results

  6. The relationship may be nonlinear or it’s not universal Income a stronger determinant of life chances in the U.S. than in Canada Likely that a more equitable distribution of social resources in Canada protects population health Conclusions

  7. Analysis of earned income inequality Analysis of urban residential economic segregation and its relationship to health outcomes Development of an educational disparity index Next Steps in the Research

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