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Napoleon’s Downfall

Napoleon’s Downfall. Military defeats, exile, triumphant return, more military defeats, and another exile. The Continental System. Napoleon strikes Britain through blockade —forced closing of ports Continental System —economic plan to strengthen Europe, weaken Britain

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Napoleon’s Downfall

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  1. Napoleon’s Downfall Military defeats, exile, triumphant return, more military defeats, and another exile

  2. The Continental System • Napoleon strikes Britain through blockade—forced closing of ports • Continental System—economic plan to strengthen Europe, weaken Britain • What two things cause France’s blockade to fail?

  3. The Peninsular War • Napoleon sends troops across Spain to attack Portugal, causing protests so: • Napoleon removes the Spanish king, replacing him with his brother • The Spanish are also concerned that Napoleon will weaken the Catholic Church in Spain like it was weakened in France

  4. Guerilla Warfare • Spanish peasants fight as guerrillas—small groups that attack and then disappear • British aid Spanish guerrillas

  5. Results of the War • Napoleon loses 300,000 soldiers during this Peninsular War • Nationalist rebels fight the French in other conquered territories • Germany, Italy

  6. The Invasion of Russia • Relations with Russia break down, Napoleon decides to invade • In June 1812, Napoleon’s army marches into Russia with 420,000 men

  7. Results of Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia • Russians use scorched-earth policy to aid in their fight against Napoleon • In September 1812, Russians retreat from Moscow after Battle of Borodino

  8. Results of Napoleon’s Invasion of Russia • Napoleon finds Moscow abandoned and burning • Napoleon retreats, losing thousands of soldiers to raids, exhaustion, hunger, and cold weather

  9. Napoleon Suffers MORE Defeat • Britain, Prussia, Sweden, Russia, Austria join forces against Napoleon • Napoleon raises another army, but meets quick defeat by allied powers • Napoleon finally surrenders and is exiled to island of Elba

  10. The Hundred Days • Louis XVIII takes over the throne in France, but he becomes very unpopular very quickly • Peasants were suspicious that he wanted to undo the revolution’s land reforms • This news encourages Napoleon to escape from Elba and reclaim his crown • Was he welcomed? Why?

  11. Waterloo

  12. Video!

  13. Defeated again, exiled again • Waterloo—British, Prussian forces defeat Napoleon’s army • This defeat ends Hundred Days—Napoleon’s last attempt at power

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