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Chapter 1: Introduction to oerating system

TOPICS Computer & Software Operating System Strategies. Learning Objectives : Introduction to OS basic and fundamentals The key element in OS Environment in OS. Chapter 1: Introduction to oerating system. Learning Outcomes: Student able to identify key component in OS

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Chapter 1: Introduction to oerating system

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  1. TOPICS Computer & Software Operating System Strategies • Learning Objectives: • Introduction to OS basic and fundamentals • The key element in OS • Environment in OS Chapter 1: Introduction tooerating system • Learning Outcomes: • Student able to identify key component in OS • Student able to know OS strategies

  2. Why studying OS • To extract the best performance from OS • To understand how to use the system functionality most effective • To understand and exploit design during program execution

  3. Computer system & Software Computer System Software Hardware Provide tool to solve specific problems To solve specific problem Application Software provide general programming environment to create application needs. OS is subset of syst. sw System Software

  4. Differences between Syst. Software and Application Software System Software Application Software • Supports the use in computer operations • Manages computer machine resources such as register,CPU, I/O syst • Written in Low level language. Eg: assembly language • Used as long as computer is turned on. • Performs more than one job or task related at a time(multitasking) • Control many processes at a time • Concern problem solving and the use of computer as a tools • Manages operation data such as insert, delete, update and sorting. • Written in high level language such as Pascal, C++,VB, Java • Use only when it’s needed • Performs only one job or task at a • Process done by following step by step at a time.

  5. Function OS • Interface between hardware and user which is responsible for the management. • To coordinate of activities and the sharing of the resources of a computer, that acts as a host for computing. • Eg: Programmer use OS to implement application software • To handle the resource allocation an access protection of the hardware. • to provide maintain a platform for running application software • Example OS: MS Dos, Ms Windows, Mac OS, Linux and Unix

  6. OS Strategies • Batch Processing • Timesharing • Personal Computers & workstation • Process Control & real time computers • Network Technology

  7. 1. Batch Processing • Set of jobs is submitted in sequence for processing. These systems have a relatively long average turnaround period (interval from arrival time to completion) for jobs.

  8. 1. Batch Processing • Services a collection of jobs called abatch • Jobs: unit of work submitted by a user to the OS. • A job usually consists of a program and the data to be run. • Jobs are stored in job queues until the computer is ready to process them. • There is no interaction betweenthe user and the computer while the program is being run. Computers which do batch processing often operate at night. • Only one program can be run during one cycle.(not multiuser program) • Example : Payroll - when a company calculates the wages for its workforce and prints payslips.

  9. 2. Time Sharing • Support multiple user. • Called as interactive system or conversation. • Basic functions and facilities in a time sharing system: a) Users can access main memory at the same time. Time sharing system supposedly to keep each of the memory space for each users and provide equal time allocation for each processor b) Processor has to be able do multitasking by having interuptablity. Eg: mainframe and mini computers are time sharing systems.

  10. 3. Personal computers and workstations • A workstation is a high-end microcomputer • higher performance than Personal Computer (CPU and graphics, memory capacity and multitasking capability) • multi-user sharing of a single computer toward an environment. • These single-user machines are multiprogrammed so that the computer can be performing several different tasks concurrently on behalf of the user.

  11. Inexpensive and easy to install in any location. MINICOMPUTER First generation Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) PDP-8 on display at the National Museum of American History MICROCOMPUTER The Commodore 64 was one of the most popular microcomputers of its era, and is the best-selling model of home computer of all time.[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcomputer

  12. 4. Process control and real-time computers • used to control “autonomous systems” such as hydroelectric dams, satellites, and robots. • This multiprogramming OS is required to guarantee response time for particular computing tasks • Example: Automatics System, Airplane Computer System, Online Bank System

  13. 5. Network technology • Modern computer configurations use high-speed networks to interconnect groups of personal computers, workstations, batch system, timesharing systems, and sometimes even real-time systems. • Need for resources and information sharing across the network

  14. references • Nutt Gary Operating System : A modern perspective , Addison Wesley.

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