New Horizon College English Book 3 新视野大学英语 3

1. New Horizon College English Book 3新视野大学英语3 Unit 3 Section A Where Principles Come First

2. Four Cardinal Principles Principle:1.原理，原则 Comprehension of the title Principle:2.（usu. pl.）准则，规范，引申为品格，品德 come first: be considered as more important than anything else首要考虑的；最重要的

3. NBA, where amazing happens. The Hyde School, where principles come first.

4. Discussion what do you think a school should value the most?

5. Assignments • Activity • Structure and writing device • Passage Reading • New Words Contents

6. I. New Words • 1. publicityn. [U] • a. 关注the attention that sb. or sth. gets from newspapers, television, etc. • b. 宣传；推广the business of providing information in order to attract public attention Word Building public + -ity → publicity adj. abstract noun suffix capable + -ity → capability responsible + -ity → responsibility

7. I. New Words • 1. publicity n. [U] • 关注the attention that sb. or sth. gets from newspapers, television, etc. • collocation: avoid/seek/attract/receive publicity Example 许多明星秘密结婚是为了避免公众和媒体的注意。 A lot of stars got married in secret in order to avoid publicity.

8. I. New Words • 1. publicity n. [U] • b. 宣传；推广the business of providing information in order to attract public attention Example 音乐会事先没有做很多宣传，所以许多票没有卖出去。 The concert wasn't given much advance publicity so that many tickets remained unsold.

9. I. New Words • 2. cultivatevt. • a.培养 develop a particular skill or quality • b.耕种，耕作 make land suitable for growing crops or plants Example 这所学校旨在陶冶学生的心灵。 This school aims to cultivate the minds of all students. 那里的大部分土地太贫瘠，无法耕种。 Most of the land there is too poor to cultivate.

10. I. New Words • 3. controversialadj. • 有争议的；引起争论的 causing disagreement • collocation : a controversial person/decision/program/book etc. Example 现如今，越有争议的人物就越容易走红。 Nowadays, the more controversial a person is, the more easily he or she becomes famous.

11. 4.controversy n. [C,U] • 争议，争论 a serious disagreement • collocation: arouse controversy; a controversy over/about sth. Example 这项政策一经提出就引发了激烈的争论。 There's been a bitter controversy over the policy ever since it was introduced. I. New Words

12. 5.suspend vt. • 暂停，中止 officially stop sth. for a short time • 悬；挂 hang sth. up Example 两国政府都拒绝停止敌对活动。 Both governments are refusing to suspend hostilities. I. New Words

13. 5.suspend vt. • 暂停，中止 officially stop sth. for a short time • 悬；挂 hang sth. up Example 躺在病床上，双腿吊挂的滋味可真不好受。 It was very uncomfortable lying on the hospital bed with my legs suspended in the air. I. New Words

14. 6.energetic adj. • 精力充沛的；充满活力的 full of energy; very active Word Building energy + -ic → energetic adj. n. suffix optimist + -ic → optimistic economy+ -ic → economic I. New Words

15. 7.insult • vt.侮辱；辱骂 say or do sth. that is rue and offensive to sb. • n. [C]侮辱；辱骂 a rude or offensive remark or action Example 当他们让我在后面的一张小桌旁落座时，我觉得受到了莫大的侮辱。 I felt most insulted when they made me sit at a little table at the back. 如果我在你演讲时睡着了，别把那当作侮辱，我太累了。 Don't take it as an insult if I go to sleep during your speech; I'm very tired. I. New Words

16. 8.curse • vt. 诅咒；咒骂 say bad things about sb. or sth. • n. [C] 诅咒；咒骂 an impolite word or words used to express anger Example 他没有接住球，便破口咒骂。 He missed the ball and cursed violently. 她诅咒了两句，然后又站了起来。 She gave a couple of curses and then got up again. I. New Words

17. Assignments • Activity • Structure and writing device • Passage Reading • New Words Contents

18. Q1. What are the principles of the Hyde School? A1. Paras. 1---2 Q2. What are people’s attitudes towards the principles? A2. Paras. 3---11 Q3. What are the specific principles of the Hyde School? A3. Paras. 12---16 Q4. What are the beneficial results of the Hyde principles? A4. Paras. 17---19 writing device: Questions & Answers(问答法) Where Principles Come First xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

19. Assignments • Activity • Structure and writing device • Passage Reading • New Words Contents

20. Passage Reading • First part (Question1 ): What are the principles? • Language points • B. Questions

21. Para.1The Hyde School operates on the principle that if you teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows. Hyde School founder Joseph Gauld claims success with the program at the $18,000-a-year high school in Bath, Maine, which has received considerable publicity for its work with troubled youngsters. Para.2“We don’t see ourselves as a school for a type of kid,” says Malcolm Gauld, Joseph’s son, who graduated from Hyde and is now headmaster. “We see ourselves as preparing kids for a way of life—by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can affect all kids.” Main idea: the principles of the Hyde School

22. A. Language points • see…as : • 将某人或某物视作 Consider someone or something to be Example 员工们将新的经理视作公司的希望。 The employees see the new manager as the hope of the company.

23. A. Language points • 2. comprehensive adj. • 综合的；全面的 including many details or aspects of sth. Example 不要担心，我们将为你提供针对业务各个方面的综合培训。 Don’t worry, we will offer you comprehensive training in all aspects of the business. Comprehensible: easy to understand e.g. The book is written in clear, comprehensive language.

24. Passage Reading • Second part (Question 2 ): • What are people’s attitudes towards the principles? • Language points • Questions

25. key word the result? reasons? How did Joe spread the principles? When did the program open? Para 3Now, Joe Gauld is trying to spread his controversial Character First idea to public, inner-city schools willing to use the tax dollars spent on the traditional program for the new approach. The first Hyde public school program opened in September 1992. Within months the program was suspended. Teachers protested the program’s demands and the strain associated with more intense work. Main idea: Failure in spreading the Hyde principles.

26. A. Language points • strain : • n. [C,U]负担；压力 pressure caused by a difficult situation Example 最近美元贬值给世界经济体系带来了更大的压力。 The recent decline in the dollar has put a bigger strain on the world economic system.

27. A. Language points • strain :vt. • 1. 扭伤；拉伤 injure oneself by stretching a muscle too much • 2.使关系紧张 make a relationship tense Example 不要在这种微弱光线下读书，否则会损伤你的眼睛。 Don’t read in such poor light, or you will strain your eyes. Collocation: strain one’s eyes/voice/nerves/muscles 美国近期的一系列军事行动使得俄罗斯与美国的关系进一步紧张。 American’s recent military moves further strained Russia’s ties with the US.

28. Para 4This fall, the Hyde Foundation is scheduled to begin a preliminary public school program in Baltimore. Teachers will be trained to later work throughout the entire Baltimore system. Other US school managers are eyeing the program, too.Last fall, the Hyde Foundationopened a magnet program within a public high school in the suburbs of New Haven, Connecticut, over parents’ protests. The community feared the school would attract inner-city minority and troubled students. observe or watch In spite of one’s protests Main idea: The Hyde School principles are being successfully spread and noticed

29. A. Language points • 1. be scheduled to do: be arranged to do Example 第十六届亚洲运动会订于2010年11月12日在广州举行。 The 16th Asian Games is scheduled to be held in Guangzhou on November 12th, 2010.

30. A. Language points • 2.magnet n. [C] • 有吸引力的人或物 sb. or sth. that attracts many people • b. 磁铁 an object that is able to attract iron and steel objects Example 网上购物对许多白领女性很有吸引力。 Online shopping is a great magnet for white-collar ladies. 他用磁铁捡起了地板上所有的针。 He picked up all the needles on the floor with a magnet.

31. Para 5As in Maine, the quest for truth is also widespread at the school in Connecticut. In one English class, the 11 students spend the last five minutes in an energetic exchange evaluating their class performance for the day on a 1-10 scale. Para 6“I get a 10.”Para 7“I challenge that. You didn’t do either your grammar or your spelling homework.”Para 8 “OK, a seven.” Para 9 “You ought to get a six.” Para 10 “Wait, I put my best effort forth here.” Para 11 “Yeah, but you didn’t ask questions today.” Main idea: at the school, the quest for truth is also widespread.

32. A. Language points • 1. quest n. [C] • 探寻；寻求 a long difficult search Example 没有什么能够阻止我们对真理的探求。 Nothing can stop us in our quest for truth.

33. A. Language points • 2.put…forth • show; bring something such as strength into action Example 在医药领域工作的人应尽量保持干净整洁的形象。 People who work in the medical field should put great effort forth to keep a clean, neat appearance.

34. Passage Reading • Third part ( Question 3 ): • What are the detailed principles or approaches advocated by the Hyde School? • Language points • Questions

35. Para 12Explaining his approach to education, Joe Gauld says the conventional education system cannot be reformed. He notes “no amount of change” with the horse and carriage “will produce an automobile”. The Hyde School assumes “every human being has a unique potential” that is based on character, not intelligence or wealth. Conscience and hard work are valued. Success is measured by growth, not academic achievement. Students are required to take responsibility for each other. To avoid the controversy of other character programs used in US schools, Gauld says the concept of doing your best has nothing to do with forcing the students to accept a particular set of morals or religious values. . What does the Hyde School assume?

36. A. Language points • conventional • 传统的；常规的 of the traditional or accepted type Example 他的观点太保守。 He is so conventional in his views. 他说了几句关于天气的客套话。 He made a few conventional remarks about the weather.

37. A. Language points • 2. reform • vt.改革；改进 improve sth. by correcting errors, or make a system work more effectively Example 许多迹象表明他正在改过自新。 There are signs that he is reforming.

38. A. Language points • 2. reform • b. n. [C,U] 改革；改进a change made in order to improve sth. Example 目前的教育体制需要进行多方面的改革。 Many reforms should be made to the present education system.

39. Para 13The Hyde curriculum is similar to conventional schools that provide preparation for college, complete with English, history, math and science. But all students are required to take performing arts and sports, and provide a community service. For each course, students get a grade for academic achievement and for “best effort”. At Bath, 97% of the graduates attend four-year colleges. Main idea: courses and management of the Hyde School

40. A. Language points • curriculum n. [C] • 课程 (pl. curriculums or curricula) the subjects that students study at a school or college Example 英国所有的公立学校执行全国统一的课程设置。 All state schools in Britain follow a national curriculum.

41. A. Language points • 2. preparation n. • [U] 准备；预备 the act or process of preparing sth. • (~s) 准备工作；筹备工作 arrangements for sth. that is going to happen Example 这次会议将需要很多准备。 The meeting will require a lot of preparation. 你的经历和所受的教育对你未来的事业是有益的准备吗？ Are your experience and education good preparations for your future career?

42. A. Language points • 3. complete with: • including; supplied with Example 救援队员火速赶来，带来了救援器械和医疗急救箱等。 Rescuers came in great hurry, complete with rescue equipment, first aid kit, etc.

43. Para 14Commitment among parents is a key ingredient in the Hyde mixture. For the student to gain admission, parents also must agree to accept and demonstrate the school’s philosophies and outlook. The parents agree in writing to meet monthly in one of 20 regional groups, go to a yearly three-day regional retreat, and spend at least three times a year in workshops, discussion groups and seminars at Bath. Parents of Maine students have an attendance rate of 95% in the many sessions. Joe and Malcolm Gauld both say children tend to do their utmost when they see their parents making similar efforts. The biggest obstacle for many parents, they say, is to realize their own weaknesses. What should the parents do? Main idea: a key ingredient in the Hyde mixture is requiring commitment and participation from parents

44. A. Language points • mixture n. [C] • 混合；混合体 a combination of two or more people or things Example 她的第一反应很奇怪，又高兴又愤怒。 Her first reaction was a strange mixture of joy and anger. (In the text, “mixture” refers to the Hyde program involves not only students and teachers but also parents.)

45. A. Language points • 2. admission n. • a. [U] 进入权；准许加入 permission to enter or become a member of a school, club, etc. Example 怎样才能获准引入白金汉宫？ How does one gain admission to the Buckingham Palace?

46. A. Language points • 2. admission n. • b. [C.]承认；供认 a statement in which one admits that sth. is true Example 他们承认他们的报纸一直在愚弄公众。 They made the admission that their newspaper had been fooling the public.

47. A. Language points • 3. outlook n. [C] • a. 看法；观点；态度 one’s general attitude to life and the world Example 如果没有一个积极的态度，你怎么能够做好这件事？ How can you manage to do it well if you don’t have a positive outlook?

48. b. 前景；远景 what is likely to happen in the future A. Language points • 3. outlook n. [C] Example 做了母亲后你改变了你的职业规划吗？ Has motherhood change your career outlook?

49. A. Language points • 4. attendance n. • [C,U] 出席人数 the number of people present • [U] 出席；参加 the act of being present Example 他们希望有很多人出席大会。 They are expecting a large attendance at the meeting. 这学期你已经缺勤好几次了。 You have misses several attendance this term.

50. A. Language points • 4. attendance • c. [U] 护理；照料 the act of waiting on sb. Example 那位护士一直护理着那位病人。 The nurse is in constant attendance on the patient.