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2.1. States of Matter IGCSE Physics David Raju Vundi. Objectives :.
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Objectives : • Matter: Properties/Identify/SmallThe learner will be able to identify that matter has predictable properties and is composed of particles to small too be seen with the naked eye.States of Matter: Conditions/IdentifyThe learner will be able to identify states of matter.
STATES OF MATTER • The Four States of Matter • Four States • Solid • Liquid • Gas • Plasma
Gas • Has no fixed shape • Has no fixed volume • Made of particles that move rapidly • The particles also have large spaces between them in comparison to solids and liquids
Examples of Gases are • Steam • Oxygen • Carbon dioxide • Smog • Tear Gas • Helium
Liquid • Has no fixed shape • Has a fixed volume • Particles move past one another easily • Particles are fairly close, but not in a neat even arrangement as the particles in a solid are
Examples of Liquids are • Orange Juice • Water • Soft drinks • Milk • Rubbing Alcohol • Vinegar
Solid • Has a fixed shape • Has a fixed volume • Particles are arranged • in a tight, regular pattern • Particles move very little
Examples of Solids are • Ice • Frog • Cheese • Bricks • Wood • Popcicle
But what happens if you raise the temperature to super-high levels…between 1000°C and 1,000,000,000°C ? Will everything just be a gas?
STATES OF MATTERPLASMA • A plasma is an ionized gas. • A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields. • Plasmas, like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. • Plasma is the • common state • of matter
STATES OF MATTER LIQUID PLASMA SOLID GAS Tightly packed, in a regular pattern Vibrate, but do not move from place to place Close together with no regular arrangement. Vibrate, move about, and slide past each other Well separated with no regular arrangement. Vibrate and move freely at high speeds Has no definite volume or shape and is composed of electrical charged particles
Some places where plasmas are found… 1.Flames
Writing Activity • The students will describe the three states of matter and include the following : • At least one example of each state • A description of each state