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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF MICROMOBILITY Panel Discussion at NABSA Indianapolis, Indiana October 2, 2019. www.populus.ai. POPULUS COMPANY OVERVIEW.
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF MICROMOBILITY Panel Discussion at NABSA Indianapolis, Indiana October 2, 2019 www.populus.ai
POPULUS COMPANY OVERVIEW • Founded by transportation and urban planning PhDs from UC Berkeley and MIT who have spent the past decade building open source software for cities. • Our platform securely hosts data from the world’s largest mobility operators, delivering it to more than 40 cities. • We harness and contribute to open-source data specifications (e.g. GBFS, MDS). • More cost efficient than other solutions, including in-house analysis, due to economies of scale. www.populus.ai
WHY SHOULD WE CARE ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS? MOBILITY SERVICE ADOPTION IS ACCELERATING New mobility services (Uber/Lyft, bikeshare, scooters) are being launched in cities at an unprecedented pace. Cities need data to developed informed policies and transportation plans. Their goals typically are to steer progress towards: www.populus.ai Safety: reducing transportation-related injuries and fatalities. 1 Equitable access: improving availability and accessibility of transportation services to people of all backgrounds. 2 Efficiency: prioritizing efficient use of public space, and reducing transportation energy use/ climate impacts. 3
WHAT IS THE LIFE CYCLE OF A SCOOTER OR BIKE? www.populus.ai Manufacturing Materials Transport Use/ Distribution End-of-Life Avg. Global Warming Impact 50% 2.3% 43% 4.7% Electricity use (Hollingsworth, et. al. (2019)) Scooter icon made by Freepik from www.flaticon.com
FACTORS IN LIFE CYCLE IMPACTS www.populus.ai Device Lifespan. Longer lifespan results in improved life cycle impacts when compared to other modes. Distribution Choices. The vehicles used, routes taken, and distribution are important particularly when vehicles use add to impacts. ➤ ➤ Grid Emissions. Although a smaller component, the type of electricity generation effects impacts from scooter charging and operations. ➤ Device Use.Device use, number of miles ridden, is key when comparing to other modes for overall life cycle impacts. ➤ Mode Shift. Whether or not micromobility modes are replacing single-occupancy vehicle trips or walking (or anything in between) matters. Materials & Manufacturing. Materials used in manufacturing and the process can account for half of the emissions. ➤ ➤
WHAT WE KNOW ABOUT MODE SHIFTING • Bike or scooter ride mode replacement matters • Benefits differ if you are replacing a walking trip or an automobile trip • In a PBOT survey from 2018, 34% of those surveyed used an electric scooter to replace a trip by car, taxi or rideshare for their most recent ride • In a Lime survey from 2018, 30% of Lime riders reported replacing a trip by automobile (personal car, carshare, or taxi/rideshare) during their most recent trip www.populus.ai
WHAT ARE OPERATORS DOING? Larger players in the electric bikes and scooters • Purchase renewable energy (RECs) • Support carbon offset projects Some operators promote reuse and recycling of old vehicles • Donate older models of vehicles • Recycle of older models - how much of the product can be recycled? Operator distribution models vary • Internal operations • External “juicers” or “chargers” • Vehicle type used www.populus.ai Lime Green, 2019 Foreign Press, 2018 Slate, 2019 SCMP, 2019
WHAT ARE CITIES DOING? www.populus.ai Portland Baltimore Dallas Permit holders must quantify the life cycle impacts & attempt to reduce operational VMT from the scooter program City requires a Sustainability Plan that includes expected life span, innovations to extend life, efforts to minimize pollution in rebalancing & charging Dockless vehicles should be built to last 5 years
Stephanie Seki Mobility Partnerships Manager, Populus stephanie@populus.ai THANK YOU www.populus.ai
WHAT ARE THE LIFE CYCLE IMPACTS? www.populus.ai (Hollingsworth, et. al. (2019))