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Recent Developments in International Remote Sensing and GIS Markets

Recent Developments in International Remote Sensing and GIS Markets. John Trinder Emeritus Professor School of Surveying and SIS UNSW Sydney, Australia 1 st Vice President and former President, ISPRS. Summary. Remote sensing Sensor developments Types of sensors

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Recent Developments in International Remote Sensing and GIS Markets

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  1. Recent Developments in International Remote Sensing and GIS Markets John Trinder Emeritus Professor School of Surveying and SIS UNSW Sydney, Australia 1st Vice President and former President, ISPRS

  2. Summary • Remote sensing • Sensor developments • Types of sensors • Plans for new satellites • GEO-GEOSS • GIS developments • Web 2.0 • Interoperability

  3. Sensors • High resolution optical sensors • <10m pixel size, panchromatic and multispectral • ‘Agile’ sensors with flexible pointing • Stereo capability providing Digital Elevation Models • Small optical sensors • Emphasis on multispectral • Serving national requirements • Use of constellations provides frequent revisit • Microwave (Radar) sensors • All weather capability • Improving resolution • Interferometry - measuring small height displacements

  4. Plans for New Satellite Systems (ASPRS 2005) • Civil land imaging satellites with resolutions ≤36m in orbit or currently planned by 2010. • Optical, 26 in orbit, 25 planned • Radar, 3 in orbit, 9 planned • Two major resolution groups • 18 high resolution systems (0.4m to 1.8m) • 44 mid resolution systems (2.0m to 36m) • Have greatly different coverage capabilities. • Hi-res swaths are in the 8km to 28km range • Mid-res swaths are generally between 70km to 185km except for the DMC’s 600km swaths

  5. Plans for New Satellite Systems (ASPRS 2005) • Privately funded systems now in orbit with resolutions down to 0.4m • Serves hi-res military market and civilian market - “Dual Purpose” • Radar will have significant applications for multi-polarization, multi-frequency and fusion with other data sources • Radar interferometry

  6. Small satellites • Small satellites are characterised by: • Rapid development scales for experimental missions • Start to launch schedules ranging from just 6 to 36 months. • Leading-edge COTS technology • Innovative solutions and cheaper alternatives to the established systems. • Lighter satellite systems designed inside smaller volumes. • Overall costs and ambitions to be space nations are driving developments of small satellites

  7. Market Trends in Remote Sensing • Multitude of data • Cost/benefit of space applications rarely undertaken • Many countries entering the space industry for Earth Observation (EO) • Viability of space programs of limited concern to many governments • No commercial satellite has been financially independent of government • RapidEye an interesting development

  8. Group on Earth Observation (GEO) • GEO • GEOSS (Global Earth Observation Systems of Systems)

  9. Group on Earth Observation (GEO) “….timely, quality, long-term, global information as a basis for sound decision making”. Group on Earth Observations (GEO) established by the first Earth Observation Summit in July 2003 which declared the need for:

  10. Aims of GEOSS (Global Earth Observation Systems of Systems) • Sustainable operations - Will capture the success of Earth observation research programs • Activities over full range of processing cycle - primary observation to information production • Co-ordinated development to reduce the multiplicity of satellites • Shared observations and products • Products are accessible, comparable, and understandable, by supporting common standards • Encompass all areas of the world -in situ, airborne, and space-based observations. • Primarily focused on issues of regional and global scale

  11. GIS • Trends in GIS • Web 2.0 and GIS • Open Source • Open Geospatial Consortium

  12. Trends in GIS • Web-based GIS services and applications have been substantially increased and enhanced in: • access and dissemination, • exploration and visualization, • processing, analysis and modelling, • collaborative spatial decision support • Integration of web-based GIServices in mainstream/enterprise computing • Moved into mainstream computing arena • GIS users can be anywhere, location of data invisible to user

  13. Trends in GIS • Growth said to be approaching 10% pa • More applications, flexibility, incorporating image and non-image sensors • Matching of Location Intelligence with Business intelligence - MapInfo • Software continuing to grow but marked to 2 major players - MapInfo and ESRI • GEO-sensors - for habitat monitoring and EO systems • Wireline and wireless technologies have bound the virtual and physical worlds closer than ever

  14. Web 2.0 • Web 2.0 is a set of principles and practices that tie together sites all over the world. • Not a platform or a set of tools • It is a set of links with a specialized database behind it – examples are Google and Wikepedia • The software never needs to be distributed - only to perform • Links and software provide access to the information anywhere in the world

  15. Web 2.0 and GIS • Allows access and searching of spatial data over the Web – • individuals can participate • ‘crowd-sourcing’ of data • KML – (XML based language) - developed for Google Earth - ‘pdf of Earth browsing’ • describes 3D geospatialdata and its display in application programs • Microsoft Virtual Earth aims at similar functionality • Google Mapplets – Mini application that runs in Google Maps • ‘Mashup’ - a web application that combines data from more than one source into a single integrated tool

  16. Open Source • OS Foundation - www.OSGeo.org • Created to support and build the highest-quality open source geospatial software. • MapServer OS is 2nd biggest map server with 50k seats • Developed originally by University of Minnesota • Permits creation of "geographic image maps“ - maps that can direct users to content • Supported by developers around the world • Advanced cartographic output, scripting, across platforms, multiple formats and projections

  17. Standards - OGC • Open Geospatial Consortium • OGC working on its Web Services Specifications for an interoperable, multi-source decision support environment • The Open Geospatial Consortium’s Web Map Service (WMS) Implementation Specification approved as ISO Standard.

  18. Conclusions • Growing number of sensors • GEO AND GEOSS are planned to coordinate satellite developments for EO for the next 10 years • New technologies such as Web 2.0 are rapidly changing the way GIS is available to users • Such developments will continue to advance the applications of GIS

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