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Spectroscopy of Super Heavy Nuclei

Spectroscopy of Super Heavy Nuclei. In-beam Studies. Experience with gamma and CE studies Unique set of problems Main challenge is Fission. In-beam Data. S. Eeckhaudt et al., EPJA 26, 226 (2005). Equipment. Target (Wheel) Prompt Spectrometer capable of high rate

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Spectroscopy of Super Heavy Nuclei

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  1. Spectroscopy of Super Heavy Nuclei R-D Herzberg

  2. In-beam Studies • Experience with gamma and CE studies • Unique set of problems • Main challenge is Fission R-D Herzberg

  3. In-beam Data S. Eeckhaudt et al., EPJA 26, 226 (2005) R-D Herzberg

  4. Equipment • Target (Wheel) • Prompt Spectrometer capable of high rate • Separator with large transmission • Excellent Recoil ID • DAQ capable of high rate R-D Herzberg

  5. Gamma Ray spectrometer • Dominant channel is constant ~0.1 - 1b Fission. This limits Ge rate! • Target wheel spokes need beam sweeping • High granularity and large distance to keep individual rates low • Background from entrance windows etc. • Need windowless system! R-D Herzberg

  6. Rate calculation basics • 10 pnA on 500 µg/cm2 at 1 µb = 325 Reactions/h • At maximum XS ~20 ħ in the system • Fission rates adjusted to match experimentally observed Ge rates, then scaled • Two spectrometers: 10% and 50% Efficiency e.g. EXOGAM or AGATA R-D Herzberg

  7. Sample calculations Compare Lines 3 and 4: Fission can become the bottleneck! R-D Herzberg

  8. Bottlenecks • Ge rate. Present: 10 kHz/detector • With digital electronics and high throughput preamplifiers: 30 kHz/detector, eventual aim is 100 kHz/detector • DAQ must handle these rates to preprocess and write to tape. Data rates up to 50MB/s • BGO suppression • Recoil coincidence R-D Herzberg

  9. Conclusions • Decay studies will be possible without large changes to existing detector technology and electronics. Target/Separator are crucial. • In-beam studies will need highest rate capabilities – electronics, DAQ. Target must allow the beam, 10 nb level possible. R-D Herzberg

  10. ECOS: European COllaboration for Stable (ion beams) Marie-Helene Moscatello / M. Levitowicz(GANIL) Annamaria Porcellato (Legnaro) Uli Ratzinger (GSI) Sigurd Hofmann (GSI) Rauno Julin (JYFL) Faisal Azaiez (IPN-Orsay) Giacomo DeAngelis (Legnaro) Rolf-Dietmar Herzberg (Liverpool) Task: Produce a document to NUPECC -Physics -Collaboration -Physics requirements (accelerator,target,instruments) -Study the up-grade of existing or new accelerators to mach the physics requirements R-D Herzberg

  11. --The Science with high intensity stable ion beams, Beam intensity limitations and technical developments for various types of research lines! N=Z nuclei (in–beam spectroscopy and decay studies) : G. DeAngelis SHE search : S. Hofmann Super heavy nuclei (in-beam spectroscopy and decay studies) : R. D. Herzberg Neutron-deficient nuclei (in-beam spectroscopy and decay studies) : R. Julin Exotic shapes and decay modes in nuclei : F. Azaiez Neutron rich nuclei using DIC reactions : F. Azaiez & G. DeAngelis Nuclear astrophysics: S.V. Harissopulos --Status and future developments of existing facilities LEGNARO : A. Porcellato GANIL : M. H. Moscatello/M. Lewitovicz GSI : S. Hofmann&U. Ratzinger JYVASKYLA : R. Julin KVI : S. Brandenburg --Recommendations Draft (quasi-final):NuPECC web pages. R-D Herzberg

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