The War of 1812 Second War for independence?

1. The War of 1812 Second War for independence?

2. Mr.Madison’s War

3. Causes of war as stated in Madison’s address to Congress • Violations of freedom of the seas and US neutrality (and trade) • Impressment • Britain’s desire to eliminate the US as a trade rival • British incitement of Native Americans

4. Other causes of War as noted by Henry Clay • Violations of US pride • Desire for heroes • Desire for land – take Canada from the British and Florida from the Spanish

5. War Hawks – southern and western Congressmen who favored war Henry Clay (KY) John C. Calhoun (SC)

6. Northern states, especially New England opposed war with Britain because it interrupted trade even more

7. Embargo Acts caused a large drop in US exports1807 exports  $108 mil.1808 exports  $ 22 mil.

8. Declaration of War • House 79-49 • Senate 19-13

9. I. US unsuccessfully attempted to invade Canada

10. Invasion of Canada

11. II. Numerous naval battles. Captain James Lawrence of the USS Chesapeake – “Don’t give up the ship!”

12. Map of Naval Battles • C:\Documents and Settings\smileym\Desktop\war of 1812 naval battles.htm

13. Sideboard made for Calhoun from “Old Ironsides”

14. III. British blockade of American coast

15. IV. Invasion of Canada part 2

16. Creek war (Andrew Jackson)

17. Creek war

18. Battle of Horseshoe Bend

19. V. Change in British Strategy After the British defeated Napoleon in 1814 they turned their full attention on North America. • Go down the Hudson River in NY to sever New England • Take New Orleans to block the Mississippi River • Attack DC to divert American attention to their capital

21. British burned Washington, DC - President and Mrs. Madison wereforced to flee the White House

22. IV. Francis Scott Key saw the Americans retain control of Ft. McHenry outside Baltimore, MD and was inspired to write the Star Spangled Banner. 1814 And the rockets red glareThe bombs bursting in air… -- Francis Scott Key

23. Andrew Jackson’s campaign against the British in New Orleans

24. The most famous battle of the war took place after the peace treaty was signed – Future President Andrew Jackson defeated the British at New Orleans.

25. VI. Hartford Convention • Meeting of Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire and Vermont (Mostly Federalists) • Concerned about the expansion of the power of the national government • After the American victory these people looked unpatriotic and the Federalist party lost power.

26. VII. Treaty of Ghent ended the War of 1812. The status quo ante bellum

27. Results of the War of 1812 • Deep feelings of Nationalism and Patriotism • New heroes – Jackson, Harrison (future Presidents) • US gained the respect of foreign nations • Interruptions in trade forced the US to concentrate on and develop domestic industries. • Westward expansion • Improved relations with Britain

28. Rush Bagot Treaty – demilitarized the Great Lakes. Convention of 1818 set the border between the US and Canada as the 49th parallel and agreed to joint occupation of Oregon