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SLEEP WALKING

SLEEP WALKING. By Priya Lad. Medical Term. Somnambulism Noctambulism Type of parasomnia

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SLEEP WALKING

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  1. SLEEP WALKING By Priya Lad

  2. Medical Term • Somnambulism • Noctambulism • Type of parasomnia • Parasomnias have been thought to represent not pathologic cerebral functioning but rather just a response to CNS activation that results in sleep-wake or REM-NREM state confusion, instability, or overlap.

  3. Sleep Walking • Usually occur stage 3 or 4 of sleep • (deep sleep and very deep sleep stages) • And in the first and third of the night • In NREM sleep in later hours • (REM – brain active but body inactive)

  4. In normal adults this sleep cycle last about 1.5 hours • The length and content of sleep cycles change throughout the night as well as with age • Sleep walking usually in the first and third of the night (between 11 p.m. and 1 a.m) • This is during the slow wave NREM sleep stage • It occurs usually when delta waves reach 50% or more • If sleep walking occurs, it occurs only once a night

  5. Age • Children – most common between 6 and 12 years of age • Adults – reaction to drugs (cannabis and alcohol) • Elderly – maybe as a feature of dementia

  6. How it presents • Intricate behaviour while still being asleep and no memory (amnesia) of the events after waking • Person leaves the bed • Hard to wake the person in the sleepwalking stage • Amnesia – no recall of the event, person is very confused • Can be an episode of calm walking or running escaping attempts common • Eyes are open but with blank facial expressions

  7. They may look awake but action are strange and clumsy • If you ask them questions they have either slow responses or no response • May be able to do quite complex intrinsic motor activitieslike driving a car, writing emails, cooking, playing an instruments • And since some people like to sleep in the nude may end up waking up in rather embarrassing situations

  8. Night Eating Syndrome • Sleep disorder rather than an eating disorder, in which people are unaware of having eaten while asleep • These are usually young women but can be in men too • Binge eating!! • Person is unaware of why they are gaining weight and having no food left!

  9. Possible Causes • Sleep deprivation • Alcohol • Stress • Chaotic sleep schedules • Drugs : sedatives, hypnotics, neuroleptics, stimulants, anti-histamines • Can be symptoms of other disorders which if resolved may stop the sleep walking

  10. Researchers sometimes disagree about the classification of sleepwalking as an automatism. According to of MedicineNet, an automatism is : • "an unconscious movement that may resemble simple repetitive tics or may be a complex sequence of natural-looking movements."

  11. Prognosis of sleepwalking • Sleepwalking may or may not reduce with age, It usually does not indicate a serious disorder, although it can be a symptom of other disorders which maybe resolve if treated. Complications of sleepwalking • A common complication is injury sustained during sleepwalking activities. Committing crimes. (case of person falling and still being asleep)

  12. Treatment • Medications • Relaxation exercises - reduction of stress • Can wake the person 15 to 20 min before sleepwalking event and keep them awake during this time • Avoid any kind of stimuli visual or auditory before sleeping • Sleep on the ground floor, remove sharp endangering objects • Consult sleep therapist if you are endangering yourself and others

  13. REMEMBER NEVER WAKE A SLEEP WALKER!!!! • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VpIKX8VIaT8

  14. References • http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1188854-overview# • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleepwalking • http://kidshealth.org/parent/general/sleep/sleepwalking.html • http://www.firstscience.com/home/articles/humans/science-of-sleepwalking_25778.html

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