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Understanding Statistical Analysis Methods

Learn about different statistical analyses used to quantify the strength of association between variables, including descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Explore central tendency, variance, mean, median, mode, variance, and standard deviation. Understand statistical significance and probability.

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Understanding Statistical Analysis Methods

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  1. Agenda for January 27th • Administrative Items/Announcements • Attendance • Handout: presentation signup • Pictures today! • Finish this week’s topic: Research Methods • Methods exercises

  2. Statistics • Statistical analyses used to quantify strength of association between variables • Involves the use of mathematics to organize, summarize, and interpret numerical data

  3. Descriptive Statistics • Used to organize and summarize data • Provide an overview of numerical data • Two main components: • Central Tendency • Variance

  4. Central Tendency • Three components to understanding the typical or average score • median • mean • mode

  5. Median • Score that falls exactly in the center of the distribution of scores • Half of the scores fall above the median and half fall below the median

  6. Mean • Arithmetic average of the scores in the distribution

  7. Mode • the most frequent score in the distribution

  8. Variance • How much the scores in the data set vary from each other and the mean • Standard Deviation - index of the amount of variability in a set of data

  9. Inferential Statistics • Used to evaluate the probability that results might be due to chance

  10. Statistical Significance • Statistical significance - when low probability that observed findings are due to chance • Very low usually means less than 5 chances in 100

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