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The Age of Absolutism. The 15th and 16th Centuries marked a period of strong monarchies and the birth of nation states. Ferdinand and Isabella expelled the Muslims from Spain. Charles V was a grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella. Also heir to the Hapsburg lands and Holy Roman Empire.
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The Age of Absolutism • The 15th and 16th Centuries marked a period of strong monarchies and the birth of nation states. • Ferdinand and Isabella expelled the Muslims from Spain. • Charles V was a grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella. Also heir to the Hapsburg lands and Holy Roman Empire. • Charles V fought for control of Italy.
Charles V Holy Roman Emperor • Charles V fought against the Protestants in central Europe. • His greatest rival was Suleiman of the Ottoman Empire attacked Vienna in 1529 . • Charles V gave up his empires and entered a monastery in 1556. • Ferdinand I became the Holy Roman Emperor and Philip II gained control of the Netherlands, Spain, and most of Italy. ( Bourbons vs Hapsburgs)
Philip II • Philip was a hard worker, devout, and an absolute monarch. • He built an isolated somber palace outside Madrid called the Escorial. • Philip believed he ruled by the divine right of God. • He saw himself as a guardian of the Catholic Church. • He was a defender of the church.
The Wars of Philip II • Philip II naval forces led by Don Juan his half - brother and the Italians defeated the Muslims at the battle of Lepanto. • Philip II tried to convert the Protestants of the Netherlands resulted in riots. • Northern Netherlands declares its independence. • Philip II sends the Armada in 1588.
The Spanish Armada • The Armada fails to conquer England due to Dutch ships, better weapons on the English ships, and storms. • The Duke of Alba is Philip II’s cruel enforcer in the Netherlands. • The Siglo de Oro - A great period of Spanish Arts. ( 1550 - 1650 ) • Painters - El Greco and Diego Velazquez. • Writers - Cervantes - Don Quixote
The Economic Decline of Spain • In the 1600s Spain began a long decline into isolation. • Costly overseas wars drained the wealth of Spain. • Gold from the Americas led to the neglect of business and industry. • The government taxed the small middle class, and expelled all the Jews. • Inflation from huge amounts of gold.
Quiz Chapter 17 Spain • 1. What two rulers expelled the Muslims and the Jews from Spain in 1492? • 2. Who were the Austrian rulers of the Holy Roman Empire and the Netherlands?( family name ) • 3. The author of Don Quixote was? • 4. Name three of the countries or areas that Charles V controlled or ruled? • 5. Who was Charles V great eastern rival? • 6. What city did he ( the rival ) almost conquer in 1555?
Quiz Chapter 17 Spain • 7. What did Charles V do at the height of his career? explain • 8. Who became the next Holy Roman Emperor? • 9. Who became the King of Spain? • 10. Name three areas of the world that this new king of Spain controlled or ruled. • 11. What was the name of this kings famous palace? • 12. Define absolute monarch - • 13. What religious institution did the King of Spain use to try to to convert Protestants?
Quiz Chapter 17 Spain • 14. What huge sea battle was fought for control of the Mediterranean Sea in 1571? • 15. What was the section of the Spanish empire that revolted against Spanish rule? • 16. What did Philip II send to conquer England in 1588? • 17. What is the period from 1550 - 1650 sometimes called in Spanish history? • 18. Who were the two great painters of this time? • 19. Give two reasons why Spanish power declined.
Quiz Chapter 17 Spain • 20 What European country replaced Spain as the most powerful? • Extra Credit - What two religions began or originated in India?
