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State of Adaptation in the UNFCCC Process

State of Adaptation in the UNFCCC Process. Saleemul Huq Senior Fellow International Institute for Environment and Development. Adaptation in Bali Action Plan. Bali Action Plan (BAP) pillars: Mitigation ADAPTATION Technology Transfer Finance REDD. Adaptation Funding-1:Existing Funds.

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State of Adaptation in the UNFCCC Process

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  1. State of Adaptation in the UNFCCC Process Saleemul Huq Senior Fellow International Institute for Environment and Development

  2. Adaptation in Bali Action Plan • Bali Action Plan (BAP) pillars: • Mitigation • ADAPTATION • Technology Transfer • Finance • REDD

  3. Adaptation Funding-1:Existing Funds • Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF) • National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) • Implementation • Special Climate Chnage Fund (SCCF) • All countries • Adaptation projects • Adaptation Fund (AF) • Under Kyoto Protocol

  4. Adaptation Funding-2: Proposed Funds (post 2012) • Amounts needed • Sources of funding • Channels of funding • Implementation

  5. Amounts needed for Adaptation • Various estimates • Oxfam: 50-80 B/Y • World Bank: 75-100 B/Y • Martin Parry et al: much higher (no figures) • No agreement yet • UK has made some indication • Rich countries need to make an offer • Need agreement before Copenhagen • G20 Finance Ministers meet in November

  6. Sources of funding • Assessed contributions (G77+China: 0.5%) • Auctioning of revenues from mitigation targets (Norway) • International Air Passenger Adaptation Levy (LDC) • All countries contribute (Mexico)

  7. Funding Channels • All under a new Fund under UNFCCC (G77) • Through existing channels, e.g. World Bank, bilateral, etc (US) • Mixture of channels (likely compromise outcome) • Key (unresolved) issue: Additional to ODA or not?

  8. Implementation options • Projects (e.g. LDCF, SCCF) • Programmes (e.g. AF, WB) • National Adaptation Strategies/Plans (e.g. Bangladesh) • Issues to be resolved: • Focus on most vulnerable countries? • Focus on most vulnerable communities (within countries)

  9. Most likely outcomes from Copenhagen on Adaptation Funding (personal opinion) • Adaptation funding will be agreed in Copenhagen (high level of consensus) • Amounts of funding in tens of Billion (post 2012) • Chanelled through both UNFCCC Fund (e.g. AF) AND others (e.g.WB) • Focus on most vulnerable countries and most vulnerable communities

  10. Concluding message • Adaptation Funding will be coming • Be prepared • Adaptation activities just beginning • Developing countries ahead of developed countries • Knowledge will be generated by DOING adaptation • Need to find best ways of sharing knowledge and experience

  11. Contacts and further information • Saleemul.huq@iied.org • www.iied.org • twitter • Podcasts on UNFCCC process

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