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Geology 101

Geology 101. David Brown. Scottish geologist Developed the laws of geology Considered the Father of Modern Geology. James Hutton (1726-1797 CE). Uniformitarianism. “the present is the key to the past".

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Geology 101

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  1. Geology 101 David Brown

  2. Scottish geologist Developed the laws of geology Considered the Father of Modern Geology James Hutton (1726-1797 CE)

  3. Uniformitarianism • “the present is the key to the past". • The processes (plate tectonics, mountain building, erosion) we see today are believed to have been occurring since the Earth was formed. http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/visual_concepts/80063.htm

  4. Chapter 6 Section1 Earth’s Story and Those Who First Listened Uniformitarianism and Catastrophism Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

  5. Law of Original Horizontality • Sedimentary rocks are laid down in horizontal or nearly horizontal layers.

  6. Law of Superposition • In an undisturbed rock sequence, the bottom layer of rock is older than the layer above it. • http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/visual_concepts/80065.htm

  7. Cross Cutting Relationships • The thing doing the cutting is younger than the rock being cut.

  8. Inclusions • The included rock is older than the rock around it.

  9. Law of Faunal Succession • Fossils occur in a definite, invariable sequence in the geologic record. • Index fossils help determine age of rock.

  10. Unconformity • Gaps in the rock record caused by weathering, erosion, and volcanic action.

  11. Chapter 6 Section2 Relative Dating: Which Came First? Unconformities Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

  12. Correlation • The matching of rock outcrops of one region to those of another region. • Geologists use fossils, unique rocks, or mineral features to match the layers. • http://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/visual_concepts/80066.htm

  13. Chapter 6 Section2 Relative Dating: Which Came First? Geologic Column Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept

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