Introductory Psychology

Introductory Psychology Spring 2014 Chapter 1: The science of psychology Chapter Flashcards

Question 1 • Psychology is defined as

Question 1- Answer • The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Question 2 • What are the four goals of psychology?

Question 2- Answer • Description • Explanation • Prediction • Control

Question 3 • What is description

Question 3- Answer • Observing a behavior or mental process and noting everything about it.

Question 4 • What are the four questions of description?

Question 4- Answer • What is happening? • Where does it happen? • To whom does it happen? • Under what circumstances does it seem to happen?

Question 5 • What is the goal of description

Question 5- Answer • observations

Question 6 • What is the goal of explanation

Question 6- Answer • theory

Question 7 • What is a theory

Question 7- Answer • A general explanation of a set of observations or facts.

Question 8 • What is prediction

Question 8- Answer • Determining what will happen in the future

Question 9 • What is the goal of prediction

Question 9- Answer • To understand the behavior in the future

Question 10 • What is the goal of control

Question 10- Answer • Goal of control is to change or modify the behavior, specifically from undesirable behavior to desirable behavior

Question 11 • The early roots of psychology are founded in what two fields of study

Question 11- Answer • Philosophy and Physiology

Question 12 Philosophers who made a contribution to the development of the field of psychology include

Question 12- Answer • Hippocrates • Aristotle • Plato • Descartes

Question 13 • Philosopher who lived from 384-322 B.C.

Question 13- Answer • Aristotle

Question 14 • Conclusion was that the brain must be functionally divided

Question 14- Answer • Doctrine of specific nerve energies

Question 15 • States that because all nerve fibers carry the same type of message , sensory information must be specified by the particular nerve fibers that are active

Question 15- Answer • Doctrine of specific nerve energies

Question 16 • -Lived from 384- 322 B.C. • -Believed the brain served to cool the passion of the heart • -Viewed the heart as the seat of thought and emotion • -Believed the soul and the body were two parts of the same underlying structure • -Wrote De Anima

Question 17 • Believed the mind was made up of thoughts, experiences, emotions, and other basic elements

Question 17- Answer • Wilhelm Wundt

Question 18 • Wrote the doctrine of specific nerve energies

Question 18- Answer • Johannes Muller

Question 19 • Viewed the heart as the seat of thought and emotion

Question 20 • What function did Descartes attribute to the soul

Question 20- Answer • Thought in the form of conscious deliberation and judgment

Question 21 • Believed the brain served to cool the passion of the heart

Question 22 • Believed the soul and the body were two parts of the same underlying structure

Question 23 • Believed the pineal gland was the seat of the soul

Question 23- Answer • Descartes

Question 24 • Lived from 1596-1650

Question 24- Answer • Rene Descartes

Question 25 • Prior to Descartes what did philosophers believe was the function of the soul

Introductory Psychology