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Preliminary Uncoated Glass-to-Glass Bonding Tests with Indium Foil

Experiment to determine bonding strength of uncoated glass samples using indium foil under specific parameters. Results show cracking limits and need for material testing.

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Preliminary Uncoated Glass-to-Glass Bonding Tests with Indium Foil

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  1. Preliminary Uncoated Glass-to-Glass Bonding Tests with Indium Foil M. E. Kupfer A.G. Raraz J. E. Indacochea 23 June, 2010

  2. Objectives • Establish experimental steps. • Establish a proper samples arrangement. • Determine optimum experimental parameters such as loading force.

  3. Static plate Steel sheets for uniform distribution of applied force Glass samples Indium foil Hydraulic loading force Experimental Setup Schematic

  4. Experimental Parameters • Indium foil was made in-house by rolling indium wire. • Oxide layer was scraped off under a minute before pressure was applied. • 6000 psi was applied for 10 minutes. • In air and room temperature.

  5. Wall section sample Window section sample Experimental Arrangements • Wall-to-Wall samples • Window-to-Window samples • Wall-to-Window samples (sandwich) • Wall-to-Window

  6. Glass-to-glass bonding The strength of the bond was not determined; however it is strong enough to resist tugging.

  7. At a load force of 6000 psi, the wall section sample cracked and the pieces are still bonded. Glass pieces are uncoated!!! Glass samples cracking • In other tests, window section samples began cracking • at 1000 psi.

  8. Loading force • Using a rubbery material to have a uniform distribution of the loading force was not successful. Other materials are going to be tested. • Hydraulic press was not holding pressure more than 10 minutes. Its replacement may be necessary asap.

  9. Tests Results Summary • Using uncoated glasses was helpful to establish some bonding tests arrangement. • Uniform distribution of the load force is still an issue to be determined. • The different cracking loads corresponding to the two types of glass samples is going to limit the applied force, so far, to less than 1000 psi.

  10. Work in progress • Dean will provide coated B33 flat samples this week (coated chromium and indium layers). • We will coordinate with Dean for best bond results based on thickness of coatings. • Improve samples arrangement to eliminate cracking (a better uniform distribution of the loading force).

  11. Samples Data Effective bonding area: 1.2 cm x 0.47 cm = 0.56 cm2 0.48” x 0.185” = 0.089 in2 Thickness of window sample = 0.263 cm (0.1”) 6000 psi x 0.089 in2 = 534 pounds 1000 psi x 0.089 in2 = 89 pounds

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