Lecture 5 Lead

1. Lecture 5 Lead

2. Current Briefs Japanese PM announces resignation Japan's Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama speaks during a general meeting of lawmakers of his ruling Democratic Party of Japan at the parliament building in Tokyo June 2, 201

3. Hatoyama told a news conference broadcast nationwide on Wednesday that he will step down over his broken campaign promise to move a US Marine base off the southern island of Okinawa. With tears in his eyes, Hatoyama told a party gathering both he and party secretary-general Ichiro Ozawa would resign their posts. After eight months in office, the embattled prime minister has faced growing pressure from within his own party to resign ahead of July elections.

4. His approval ratings have plummeted over the bungling of handling the Marine Air Station Futenma, reinforcing his public image as an indecisive leader. Calls have built up in Hatoyama's Democratic Party for him to step down to revive the party's fortunes ahead of an election for the upper house of parliament expected on July 11 that it must win to smooth policymaking. (excerpts from wsj.com)

5. World leaders call for inquiry as Israel frees Gaza activists June 2, 2010By James Hider, Alex Christie-Miller The international community rounded on Israel yesterday, demanding an independent inquiry into the storming of a convoy of aid ships that ended in the deaths of at least nine people. Amid widespread condemnation of the raid in international waters, Israel said last night that it was freeing foreigners detained after the raid. All 682 were to be deported, the Government said, though it was not clear how long the process would take.

6. The announcement came after Anders Fogh Rasmussen, the Nato Secretary-General, urged Israel to let the activists go. “I add my voice to the calls by the United Nations and the European Union for a prompt, impartial, credible and transparent investigation into the incident,” he said. (excerpts from The Times)

7. Chinese premier concludes four-nation Asian tour 2010-06-03 20:58 YANGON - Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao left Yangon for Beijing on Thursday after concluding a two-day visit to Myanmar, the last leg of his four-nation Asian tour. Wen arrived in Yangon from Ulan Bator, Mongolia on Wednesday for his first visit to Myanmar. It was also the first visit to Myanmar in 16 years by a Chinese premier. Wen flew to Naypyitaw on Thursday for talks with Myanmar Prime Minister U Thein Sein and a meeting with Senior General Than Shwe, chairman of the State Peace and Development Council.

8. Wen and Thein Sein witnessed a signing ceremony of 15 cooperation documents covering areas such as a natural gas pipeline, hydropower station and grant aid. The leaders also attended celebrations marking the 60th anniversary of diplomatic ties between the two neighboring countries. Wen's seven-day Asian tour also took him to South Korea, Japan and Mongolia. (excerpts from Chinadaily.com)

9. Lead 1.导语的概念 导语是新闻文体特有的一个概念，也是新闻区别于恰文体的一个显著特征。 导语，顾名思义，是新闻的“导读之语”，是新闻报道开头引导人们阅读的文字，简短精要，正如雇人员“立片言以居要，乃一篇之警策”。 2.导语的作用 一般以为导语的主要作用有： 1）用精炼、简洁的文字反映消息的要点或轮廓，使读者看了导语之后，就可以知道这条消息的大体内容，进而引出主题以及阐述这个主题的具体内容。也就是说，导语是把消息的主题引出来，起“引导”的作用。

10. 2) 唤起读者的兴趣，把读者吸引住，让读者情不自禁的把这条消息读完。 3. 导语的分类 根据内容和形式，导语一般可分为以下几种： 1）概括性导语：以一个完整的句子总结出该新闻的诸要素，让读者可以迅速知道新闻的主要内容。这种导语主要用于时间性强的重大新闻，或叫“硬新闻”（hard news）。 这种导语的特点是一个句子就包含了消息的主要内容，在句法上常含有较长的分词短语或同位语。 2）叙述性导语：常用于特写文章或时间性不强的一般新闻，或叫“软新闻”（soft news）。这种导语的形式相对灵活，语言比较简洁。

11. 3）短促性导语：由一些交代事件因素的连续的短语或短句组成，提供事件的背景，并渲染气氛。这种导语多用于杂志文章。3）短促性导语：由一些交代事件因素的连续的短语或短句组成，提供事件的背景，并渲染气氛。这种导语多用于杂志文章。 4）引语性导语：引用新闻中主要人物的话语，使读者觉得好像在与他直接对话。引语可以是新闻中最关键的句子，也可以是为故事发展定调的句子。

12. Newspaper Reading Skills 行话（jargon） 随着社会的发展，如今某一特定行业中的“行话”常常会在其他领域流行。以体育为例，由于体育在人们生活中的地位越来越重要，原来只在体育界通用的“行话”渐渐被其他领域的人接受，并且成为报刊中的常用语。 例如，on the ropes 这个短语原为拳击比赛用语，处于劣势的拳击手在对方的紧逼下，只能退到赛台边缘，靠在绳索上，从而尽量避免被击倒或击败。所以，on the ropes的意思就是“被逼到十分窘迫的位置，濒临失败”。 e.g. After this super market opened, which cut prices and offered more varieties of food, most of the small shops nearby were on the ropes and some had already closed.

13. 再如，to throw in the towel 字面意思是“把毛巾扔出去”，在拳击比赛中意为宣布自己自愿投降服输。这一短语被用到其他场合指“自动让步”的意思。 e.g. The company threw in the towel after losing all of its major customers. 2. 俚语（slang） 为了迎合读者口味，缩短与大众之间的情感距离，报刊中的许多文章采用通俗的语言，从而使文章亲切、自然、幽默、活泼。下面是一些常用的俚语： a bone to pick 可挑剔的骨头-争端，不满 a piece of cake 一块蛋糕-小菜一碟，小事一桩 a slap in the face 脸上挨了一耳光-公然受辱

14. Back in the saddle 重上马鞍-重整旗鼓 break the ice 破冰-打破僵局 bury one’s head in the sand 把头埋在沙里-自欺欺人 cross the line 越线了-做得过分了 a bird in the hand is worth two the bush 一鸟在手，胜似二鸟在林 a blank slate 干净的黑板-新的一页，新的开始a cat nap 打个盹儿 burn brides 烧桥-过河拆桥 必须要强调的是，读者在理解俚语时一定要慎重，根据上下文进行合理推断，否则就会曲解文章的意义。

15. 套语 (Cliché) 1. 套语在英语报刊消息报道中的使用 英语报刊记者在报道某人某事时，为了表明“客观和公正”，常以不确指的第三者的口气论述，例如使用“有人”、“人们”等，或用“据称”、“新闻”、“据估计”等不确定的字眼加以推测，还有使用“不可否认”等较强烈的语气加以辩驳。常用的套语包括： It is assumed that … 据假设… It is believed that … 人们相信… It is declared that … 据宣称… It is estimated that … 据估计… It is expected/hoped that … 人们期待/希望… It is generally recognized that … 普遍认为…

16. It is recommended that … 有人建议… It is supposed that … 人们推测… It is undeniable that … 不可否认的是… It is universally accepted that … 人们普遍认为… It must be admitted that … 必须承认… It can be safely said that … 可以有把握的说… It cannot be denied that … 无可否认… It has been calculated that … 据统计… It has been found that … 业已发现… It goes without saying that … 不言自明…

17. 2. 套语在报道消息来源时的使用 英语新闻报道除写明是何报刊或者新闻社外，为表明客观、公正，通常要说明消息的出处或来源，从而使读者信服。例如： The government said… 政府所言… According to US officials and experts… 根据美国官员和专家的看法… 另外，revealed, announced, quoted等词在报道中也经常使用。