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Pneumocystis carinii

Pneumocystis carinii. Kelly Rueckert and Melissa Greco. Geographic Distribution. This parasite/ Fungus is common everywhere in the world. Fungus or Parasite?.

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Pneumocystis carinii

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  1. Pneumocystiscarinii Kelly Rueckert and Melissa Greco

  2. Geographic Distribution • This parasite/ Fungus is common everywhere in the world.

  3. Fungus or Parasite? • It is considered a fungus, but is mentioned in our book because it is considered a opportunistic parasite that often causes severe pathology and is very dangerous to HIV patients. • It may have fungal properties but is sensitive to protozoan agents. • Ribosomal RNA sequence shows Pneumocystis carinii to be a member of the Fungi • Developing from a small trophozoite into a cyst containing eight sporozoites, the Pneumocystiscariniilife cycle superficially resembles those seen both in protozoa and fungi

  4. Life Cycle of the Pneumocystis Carinii

  5. A slide of Pneumocystis carinii

  6. Definitive Hosts • Humans of all ages, and especially prelavant in elderly and in small children with weaker immune systems • Also seen in people taking drugs to cure autoimmune disease • Persons with AIDS are especially susceptible. • This organism is wide spread in mammals, many infections may be caught from pets.

  7. Pathogenesis and Clinical signs • In infected lungs the epithelium (wall of cells in the cavities of body) starts to peel and start to fill with foamy liquid. • Rapid unset; fever, cough, rapid breathing, and cyanosis (blue skin around the mouth/eyes • Death is caused by asphyxiation. • If you don’t get treated the mortality rate is 100%. • Lesions can also occur in lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and bone marrow.

  8. Slide of Pneumocystis carinii from bronchi

  9. Diagnosis • Positive diagnosis is possible only with identification of parasite with staining. • To make a slide, a biopsy of lung tissue is needed. • These are the only tests used to accurately diagnose the parasite. • The parasite is extremely life threatening.

  10. X-ray ofPneumocystiscariniiin the lungs

  11. Pneumocystis carinii in lung tissue Cysts are thick-walled, rounded and approximately 5-8 µm in size

  12. Treatment • Even with treatment, mortality is high in immunodeficient patients. • An antibacterial medicine is prescribed called trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole (TMP SMX) or Bactrim. • Side effects of the drug may be: rash, sick feeling. • More medicine may need to be prescribed for the side effects. • Currently there is no vaccine for this fungus.

  13. Control Measures • If your immune system is weak or your CD4 cell count goes below 200, or if you display a temperature above 100 degrees for longer than two weeks. • Not contagious.

  14. Any Questions?

  15. Review – Candy!! • Geographic Distribution ______ • Mortality rate____% • Life cycle with ____ and ____ • Host ____ • Who is most susceptible_____ • Clinical signs____ • What is cyanosis_____ • Size of cysts____ • Method of Diagnosis ____ • Treatment ____

  16. Works cited • http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/resources/brochures/pcpb.htm • http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/Pneumocystis.htm • http://course1.winona.edu/kbates/Parasitology/Images/pcarinii.jpg • http://www.lexic.us/definition-of/pneumocystis_carinii_pneumonia#2

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