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AGE OF JACKSON

AGE OF JACKSON. The Election of 1824. 4 major candidates: Andrew Jackson John Quincy Adams Henry Clay William Crawford. Favorite Son Candidate. A candidate who receives support from their state/region instead of the national party. Clay-West (KY) Jackson- West (TN) Adams- Northeast (MA).

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AGE OF JACKSON

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  1. AGE OF JACKSON

  2. The Election of 1824 • 4 major candidates: • Andrew Jackson • John Quincy Adams • Henry Clay • William Crawford

  3. Favorite Son Candidate • A candidate who receives support from their state/region instead of the national party. • Clay-West (KY) • Jackson- West (TN) • Adams- Northeast (MA)

  4. Majority • More than ½ • A candidate needs a majority to win the presidency

  5. Plurality • The largest share • Plurality does not win a presidential election

  6. “Corrupt Bargain” • Clay gives his votes to Adams in exchange for becoming the Secretary of State.

  7. Election of 1828 • Mudslinging– Attempts to ruin your opponents with insults • Jackson Wins!

  8. Jackson • “Old Hickory” • Got the name from his troops who said he was as tough as a hickory stick

  9. Spoils System • Replacing government employees with the winning candidate’s supporters

  10. “The Tariff of Abominations” • Tariff passed by Jackson to help American manufacturers • Southerners hate the new tariff– it raises prices on goods, but doesn’t help them.

  11. Nullification • The cancellation of a federal bill by a state. • Many feared it would lead to secession.

  12. Conflicts over Land Section 11.2

  13. Cherokee Nation • The Cherokee (GA, AL, MS) did many things to show they were a nation • Cherokee Constitution • Cherokee Alphabet • Cherokee Schools • Cherokee Newspapers • Farmed

  14. Indian removal Act • Passed in 1830 • Allowed the government to pay Native Americans to move from their lands.

  15. Indian Territory • Present-day Oklahoma • Where Native Americans were moved to.

  16. John Marshall’s Ruling • The Cherokee nation took the government to court. • Chief Justice Marshall ruled that Georgia had no right to interfere with the Cherokee • Andrew Jackson– “John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it.”

  17. Trail of Tears • 1838 • Federal troops led Cherokee from their lands and moved west. • Brutal weather, treatment, and conditions, led to many deaths

  18. Osceola • Seminole Chief • Led many successful raids against US Forts.

  19. One Nation Resisted More than Others • Seminoles • Used Guerilla Tactics—Hit and run style

  20. Jackson and the bank Section 11.3

  21. Jackson vs. The Bank • Jackson always hated the Bank of the United States • He thought it was ran by and benefitted only rich people • Nicholas Biddle– the bank’s president, Jackson’s nemesis

  22. A Veto • A rejection of a bill by a president • Jackson used the veto more than any other president

  23. Jackson Kills the Bank • The bank needed to be re-chartered to keep going • Jackson vetoes the charter, ending the bank

  24. Economic Depression • A time where business and employment fall to a low level • The Panic of 1837 causes one • Pres. Van Buren decides not to intervene

  25. Laissez Faire Democracy • “Let it be” • The government should interfere as little as possible in economics

  26. The Whigs • A new political party, against Van Buren • Nominated William Henry Harrison to run against Van Buren

  27. Harrison Wins! • Log Cabin Campaign– Presents Harrison as a common man and Van Buren as a snob.

  28. Chapter 12 Manifest Destiny

  29. The Oregon Country • The Area between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains, north of California

  30. Many Countries Claimed the Oregon Territory • United States • Britain • Spain • Russia

  31. The First Oregon Settlers • Mountain men and fur trappers • Looking for beaver pelts and other animals

  32. Prairie Schooners • So many wagons moving west, it looked like many ships going out to sea

  33. Manifest Destiny • The idea that the US was destined to have a country that covered the whole continent

  34. Fifty Four-Forty Or Fight!! • The US should not take less than a northern border of 54’40” Latitude • They settle at 49

  35. Independence For Texas 12.2

  36. Davey Crockett • Famous outdoorsman from Tennessee • Lost seat in congress, moved to Texas

  37. Tejanos • Residents of Texas, Mexican citizens

  38. The Old Three Hundred • The first three hundred American families to settle in TX– led by Stephen F Austin

  39. Mexican Government’s Response • 1830– A decree that bans all immigration from the US

  40. Austin’s Demands • 1. Remove the ban on US settlement • 2. Make Texas a separate state • Santa Anna: Yes to 1, no to 2

  41. The Battle of the Alamo • 180 Texans barricaded inside a mission • After a 12 day siege, the Mexican army is victorious

  42. Battle of San Jacinto • Sam Houston gathers troops to attack Santa Anna • “Remember the Alamo” • It led to Santa Anna signing a treaty that recognizes Texas’ independence

  43. Debate over Annexation • Should Texas become a state? • They would like to be • Only problem– Should they come in as a slave state or a free state?

  44. How is it solved? • Congress is divided on the subject • President James Polk campaigns for it– Manifest Destiny supporters pass it. Texas becomes a state--1845

  45. War With Mexico/New Settlers in California and Utah 12.3 and 12.4

  46. Beginning of the Mexican-American War • America tries to provoke Mexico into war • This is a way to gain California and New Mexico • Disputed border– Rio Grande or Nueces • Zachary Taylor brings troops to disputed land, attacked by Mexican troops • War is on

  47. Polk’s War Plan • 3 parts • 1.Drive Mexican troops out of disputed area • 2. Seize New Mexico and California • 3. Capture Mexico City

  48. Capture of Mexico City • Led by Winfield Scott • Took about a month before surrender (9/1847) • American battle tolls • 1721 to battle • 11,000 to disease

  49. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo • Ends the Mexican-American War

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