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The New Immigrants

The New Immigrants. Note: Chapter 7 Section 1. Reason Immigrants come to America : 1. Lured by promise of better life 2. Escape difficult conditions at home a. Famine b. Land Shortages 3. Escape religious/political persecution 4. Jobs supposedly plentiful in America

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The New Immigrants

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  1. The New Immigrants Note: Chapter 7 Section 1

  2. Reason Immigrants come to America: 1. Lured by promise of better life 2. Escape difficult conditions at home a. Famine b. Land Shortages 3. Escape religious/political persecution 4. Jobs supposedly plentiful in America 5. Come to earn money then go back (Bird of Passage) I.) Why Leave?

  3. European Immigrants: 1. English, Irish, German, Scandinavian, Italian, Russian, and Polish • Asian Immigrants: 1. Chinese and Japanese • West Indies and Mexico: 1. Mexican, Jamaica, Cuba, and Puerto Rico II.) Came from where?

  4. Traveled by steamship to America 1. trip across Atlantic took 1 week 2. trip across Pacific took 3 weeks • Traveled in “Steerage” or the cheapest accommodations in a ship’s cargo hold • Conditions: III.) The Journey to America

  5. Ellis Island: immigration station in New York Harbor which decided whether or not immigrants would be admitted to America • 17 million immigrants passed through 1. Had to pass a physical health exam 2. Had to pass a government inspector’s test a. able to work? b. have some money? c. never been convicted of a felony? IV.) Ellis Island

  6. Angel Island: immigration station in the San Francisco Bay which decided whether or not immigrants would be admitted to America • Between 1910-1940 50,000 Chinese enter U.S. 1. much more harsh 2. longer decision time V.) Angel Island

  7. Challenges Faced by Immigrants: 1. find a place to live 2. find a job 3. understand language 4. understand culture • Coping with new life: 1. create ethnic communities VI.) So Your IN! Now What?

  8. Native born Americans saw country as a “Melting Pot” • Most immigrants did not give up “old” culture Outcome: as immigrants numbers increased anti-immigrant feelings emerge VII.) Immigration Restrictions

  9. Nativism: favoritism toward native-born Americans 1. anti-immigration groups begin to form - Immigration Restriction League - American Protective Association 2. demand for immigration restrictions grow

  10. 1897 Congress pass law requiring literacy test for immigrants (President Cleveland veto's) • 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act: law passed by Congress which banned Chinese immigrants for a period of 10 years (few exceptions) • 1906 San Fransico Board of Ed. Segregate Japanese school children Outcome: Gentleman’s Agreement: Japan will limit immigration if segregation repealed

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