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PHENIX Detector Upgrades

PHENIX Detector Upgrades. M. Grosse Perdekamp University of Illinois. Overview VTX, FVTX, Muon-Trigger, FOCAL Scope & Acceptance Technology Status and Schedule Physics Summary. RHIC Spin Collaboration Meeting, LBL, November 20 th 2009. Overview.

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PHENIX Detector Upgrades

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  1. PHENIX Detector Upgrades M. Grosse Perdekamp University of Illinois • Overview • VTX, FVTX, Muon-Trigger, FOCAL • Scope & Acceptance • Technology • Status and Schedule • Physics • Summary RHIC Spin Collaboration Meeting, LBL, November 20th 2009

  2. Overview • ∫Ldt ≈ 10 pb-1 by 2009 transverse • ∫Ldt ≈ 40 pb-1by 2009 longitudinal • ∫Ldt ≈ 50 pb-1 from 2011 √s=200 GeV • ∫Ldt ≈ 300 pb-1 from 2011 √s=500 GeV • Upgrades will be available for most of RHIC spin luminosity! • ERT e,γ level-1 trigger • Local Pol Polarization • Aerogel PID, hadron spectra • 2006 TOF-West PID, hadron spectra • 2007 HBD PID, low mass di-leptons • RXP Reaction Plane • MPC d-A, AN, ALLdi-hadron • 09/10 μ-Trigger W-physics • 2010 VTX c-, b-tagging, central tracking • 2011 FVTX c-, b-tagging • 2012+ FOCAL γ, jets, ALL, AN,AT • DAQ Track data volume + luminosity • Central Tracking DC + PC replacement, accep. • Central Arm Trigger Track luminosity Complete Active Construction Under Study PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  3. EMCAL FOCAL FOCAL 0 f coverage 2p EMCAL VTX & FVTX MPC MPC Acceptance + Experimental Capabilities with MPC, VTX, FVTX and μ-Trigger Upgrades μ- arm+trigger μ- arm+trigger -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 rapidity (i) p0 and direct g with additional electromagnetic calorimeters (ii) Heavy flavor tagging with silicon detectors (iii) Tracking with central vertex detector (iv) High pT muon trigger Physics with the PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  4. PHENIX: Versatile Trigger + Large Bandwidth • Large bandwidth and trigger capabilities are critical to fully benefit from • measurements in multiple channels for example for the best possible • constraint on ∫ΔG(x)dx! • Independent experimental and theoretical uncertainties.  Best statistical precision for results on spin dependent nucleon distribution functions.  Final results will come from inclusive NLO pQCD analysis of the asymmetries from all experimental channels.  Evaluation of impact of multiple observables on the knowledge of e.g. ∫ΔG(x)dx is not available and would be very difficult to obtain. Critical: large PHENIX DAQ bandwidth ~ 8kHz for highest possible rates in multiple channels (including at low pT!). Can DAQ digest data volume from upgrades & luminosity increases?  inclusive hadrons, di-hadrons  inclusive photons  jet + photon  open heavy flavor ¨ PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  5. ALL(c,b) Projections with VTX Multiple Channels vs DAQ Bandwidth Example: Electron Trigger L=6x1031cm-2s-1 • electron rate for a threshold at 0.9 GeV is ~ 1.5kHz • needed ∫Ldt=320pb-1 before systematics limited at low pT …. • Can we continue data • taking with low threshold? • Central arm trigger • upgrade ? systematic limit ~1500 Hz Electron Trigger ¨ PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  6. Mutiple Channels vs DAQ Bandwidth Example: Photon Trigger L=6x1031cm-2s-1 • Photon trigger rate for a threshold at 2.1 GeV is ~ 1.5kHz • At smallest pT ALL soon will be systematics limited: ΔstatA ~ 1x10-3, Δsys A < 5x10-4 • Continue data taking with low threshold! • Would benefit from • central arm trigger upgrade! • Improve error on rel. • luminosity: spin flippers! ~ 1500 Hz ¨ Photon Trigger at 2.1 GeV PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  7. The North & South Muon Piston Calorimeters Spin Physics Longitudinal/transverse spin in polarized p-p ALL, AN for inclusive π0 and rapidity separated pion pairs (and clusters) Technology & Scope PbWO4 avalanche photo diode readout 3.1 < η < 3.8, 0 < φ < 2π One MPC embedded in a hole left in the muon magnet piston yoke in each muon spectrometers. Both sides fully operational from run 2008. First results from run 6 (AN south) and run 8. November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  8. Muon Trigger Upgrade PHENIX Muon Spectrometer Physics Quark and Anti-quark helicity distributions through W-production in polarized p-p Technology (1) Bakelite trigger RPCs from the CMS forward muon trigger (NSF) (2) Custom trigger frontend electronics for the existing muon tracking chambers (JSPS) (3) Custom LL1 trigger processors (NSF)  Momentum sensitive muon trigger. Timing to reject beam backgrounds, cosmic ray muons and to match polarization information. muTr north muID north RPC3 RPC1 muTrig1-3 November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  9. Muon Trigger Upgrade PHENIX Muon Spectrometer Status: (1) muTrig electronics 1-3 for both muon spectrometers are fully installed. (2) RPC-3 north fully installed. (3) Trigger processor boards have been manufactured. (4) muTrig south and two full size RPC proto- types tested sucessfully during run 9 Schedule: (1) Full muTrig system tests with LL1 during run 10. (2) Partial tests of RPC-3 north. (3) RPC-3 + absorber installation in summer 2010 (4) Ready for W-physics in run 2011 (5) RPC-1 will be complete by the summer of 2010 but will be installed with a thinner absorber once the FVTX has been installed. muTr north muID north RPC1 RPC3 muTrig1-3 November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  10. New MuTRIG-FEE in North Arm • With trigger • cards installed.  Before Installation PHENIX Detector Upgrades November 20th

  11. MuTRGRun09 Performance trigger efficiency vs track momentum MuID trigger threshold plateau efficiency ~ 0.9  • MuID Algorithm • Track Matching w/ MuID • Timing cut w/ RPC • Track Matching w/ RPC • Background Shields • etc .. 11 PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  12. LL1 Trigger Readiness LL1 Board • Communication test • LL1 Board Production will be complete before run 10 • ADTX - MRG - LL1 - GL1 chain test in run 10 leading to regular operation. MuTRG-MRG Boards PHENIX Detector Upgrades November 20th

  13. PHENIX RPC Trigger RPC3 station RPC3 station RPC1 station RPC3 half octant • Characteristics of RPCs • Fast response • Suitable for a trigger device • Good intrinsic time resolution: 1-2 ns • Good spatial resolution: typically ~ cm • Determined by the read-out strip width and cluster size • Low cost • Typical gas mixture • 95% C2H2F4 + 4.5% i-C4H10 + 0.5% SF6 RPC modules PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  14. PHENIX RPC-3 Half Octant Structure NPL: Half octants to BNL NPL: skins, cross-bars, brackets Parts arriving at NPL NPL: RPC-3 Pre-Assembly RPC-factory at BNL: Half Octant Storage NPL: RPC-3 half octant storage November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  15. RPC-3 North Assembly in the PHENIX RPC Factory at Brookhaven National Laboratory Tent for half octant burn in First fully assembled RPC half octants. Half octant testing RPC-factory: Half octant transfer November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  16. Use stack of 5 detector modules to determine efficiencies for different HVs and thresholds. RPC Detector Module QA with Cosmic Rays November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  17. RPC Noise Tests in RPC Factory Distribution of strips with different levels of noise.5 strips are over 10 Hz/cm2Threshold is 160mV. No. of Strips ← No. of strips vs. noise rate for each type of module. BLACK for A module, BLUE for B module, RED for C module.Average noise rate with B modules is lower than other. Noise rate November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  18. RPC-3 North Installation Installation from the RHIC tunnel. November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  19. Simulation of Asymmetries Using CarefulEvaluation of Backgrounds more in Ralf Seidl’s talk November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  20. VTX Upgrade : Slides from Yasuyuki Akiba shown at Annual Review in June, 2nd 2009 • Fine granularity, low occupancy • 50mm×425mm pixels for L1 and L2 • R1=2.5cm and R2=5cm • Stripixel detector for L3 and L4 • 80mm×1000mm pixel pitch • R3=10cm and R4=14cm • Large acceptance |h|<1.2, almost 2p in f plane Pixel • Stand-alone tracking capability Strip VTX will be ready for installation in FY10Q4. z plane f plane November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  21. Measurement of gluon polarization DG(x) in polarized p+p collisions at RHIC Measurement of double spin asymmetry ALL of heavy flavor production (charm and beauty, separately) Measurement of ALL of direct photon + jet Heavy Flavor tagging and b/c separation requires a good DCA resolution (sDCA~100 mm). Measurement of recoil jets requires a large solid angle coverage For charm / hadron separation requires enhanced goal of 50 mm DCA Spin Physics Goals of VTX November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  22. Pixel Detector 57mm (32 x 4 pixel) 13mm 256 pixel 50mm x 425mm Sensor module Pixel bus SPRIO Pixel sensor modules Pixel stave (with cooling) Full ladder Pixel detector = inner 2 layers of VTX 1st layer: 10 full pixel ladders = 20 half ladders = 40 sensor modules 2nd layer: 20 full pixel ladders = 40 half ladders = 80 sensor modules ~4mm November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  23. Strip detector 80mm x 30mm “stripixel” 80mm x 1mm pixel size (384 X + 384U strips) x 2 Stripixel sensor 1 side, 2 direction read-out silicon module SVX4 Strip Ladder 128 ch/chip 8 bit ADC 5 (L3) or 6 (L4) silicon modules Read-out by 1 LDTB 1 sensor + ROC + 12 SVX4 Read-out by RCC board November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  24. FVTX Upgrade, Slides from Melynda BrooksPresented at the Annual FVTX Review 11-2009 • Four tracking stations with full azimuthal coverage • 75 m pitch strips in radial direction, 3.75° staggered phi strips • Radiation length < 2.4%/wedge to minimize multiple scattering • Schedule: Ready for installation in the 3rd quarter of 2011 Backplane HDI Cage Sensor FPHX Chips Half Disk November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  25. W structure (bricks of skins and W plates) Carrier boards (electrically glued to W plates) Si micromodules (strip- andpad- structured) FOCAL: Tungsten Silicon Sampling Calorimeter EM1/EM2 (14SL) EM0(7SL)+strips 2 x 5 sensors 2 x 7 sensors Assembly unit: Brick Schedule: Start of funding + 2.5 years (proposal in preparation) Physics: Large acceptance EMC for neutral pions + photons and jets  ALL, Collins in jets, AN in jet+photon (Sivers process dependence) November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  26. Physics Programs Accessible With FVTX • Single Muons: • Precision heavy flavor measurements at forward rapidity • Separation of charm and beauty • W background rejection improved • Dimuons: • First direct bottom measurement via BJ/ • Separation of J/ from ’ with improved resolution and S:B • First Drell-Yan measurements from RHIC • Direct measurement of c-cbar events via +-becomes possible • Physics: • Precise measurements gluon polarization in heavy flavor production • and sea quark measurements through W-production. • Essential for background rejection in Drell Yan measurements of • Sivers asymmetries. November 20th PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  27. Summary I The muon trigger, VTX, FVTX are making good progress and will be available for the majority of the luminosity for polarized protons at RHIC. A FOCAL proposal is currently being prepared. However, the schedule is not yet well defined. The resulting key detection capabilities are  heavy flavor tagging.  high pT muon triggering.  extended acceptance for tracking at mid-rapidity.  large acceptance calorimetry. The experimental goals are (1) for the measurement of the gluon spin contribution ∫ΔG(x)dx  larger x-range  heavy flavor, hadron pairs, photon jet are new channels with independent experimental and theoretical uncertainties PHENIX Detector Upgrades

  28. Summary II (2) for the measurements of the helicity quark and anti-quark distributions  introduce trigger capabilities for high pT muons in the muon arms. (3) Transverse spin:  Collins-type fragmentation and Gluon Sivers in multiple channels. Possibly test fundamental prediciton on non-universality of the Sivers function in jet-photon production or in Drell Yan (the latter is very luminosity hungry). A careful evaluation of the sensitivities in various channels and the overall sensitivity of a global pQCD analysis of multiple observables has not been carried out. While the results of such a study would be very valuable for funding and planning purposes, it may be not practical to carry this out. PHENIX Detector Upgrades

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