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History of Iraqi Emigration

History of Iraqi Emigration. 3 Major Waves Post-Monarchy (after 1958 coup) 1980-88 Iran-Iraq War, and the 1990-91 Gulf War, Shi’a Uprising, and subsequent respression of the Shi’a Post-Invasion and Post- Ba’athist period (after 2003). The Name Game. “Refugee” – la’jeen

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History of Iraqi Emigration

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  1. History of Iraqi Emigration • 3 Major Waves • Post-Monarchy (after 1958 coup) • 1980-88 Iran-Iraq War, and the 1990-91 Gulf War, Shi’a Uprising, and subsequent respression of the Shi’a • Post-Invasion and Post-Ba’athist period (after 2003)

  2. The Name Game “Refugee” – la’jeen “Asylum Seeker” – talbin luju’ “Guest”, “Brother”, “Neighbor” “Exile” - mughtaribin The Numbers Game Mainly in Jordan Estimates started as high as 750,000 or “nearly a million” FAFO Report (450 – 500 thousand) Numbers Game in Syria

  3. Iraqis in Jordan and Syria Jordan Cross-section of socioeconomic class, but includes many wealthy business interests Primarily Sunni with smaller Christian (13%) and Shi’a (20% of Muslims) communities Structured around tight-knit family, atomistic rather than cohesive community Primarily from Baghdad (3/4) Discrimination of Shi’a Newly accepted into schools Legality depends on money & ability to invest Exiles Scapegoated Syria Relatively poorer Large populations of Sunnis, Shi’a, and Christians Family, but also part of pre-existing communities with identifiable structure and boundaries From central and Southern Iraq Religious freedoms so long as not politicized Unrestricted entry into schools Few limitations legally on investment, building, etc. Exiles Scapegoated

  4. Iraqi Christians Assyrians, Chaldeans, Mandeans, Eastern-rite Catholics Disproportionate numbers of Christian immigrants Protected under Saddam (Syria, Iran) Part of group that is least likely to return (minorities) Christian tax In exile, strong organizations for dispersing aid

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