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INVASIVE SPECIES: WHO IS RESPONSIBLE?

INVASIVE SPECIES: WHO IS RESPONSIBLE?. DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES LARRY NELSON. 9.9 Million ACRES in California. Cheatgrass in the American West ( Bromus tectorum ). Covers 1/3 of Great Basin Fire Frequency Before Cheatgrass: 60-70 Years

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INVASIVE SPECIES: WHO IS RESPONSIBLE?

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  1. INVASIVE SPECIES:WHO IS RESPONSIBLE? DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES LARRY NELSON

  2. 9.9 Million ACRES in California

  3. Cheatgrass in the American West(Bromus tectorum) • Covers 1/3 of Great Basin • Fire Frequency Before Cheatgrass: 60-70 Years • Fire Frequency with Cheatgrass: 3-5 Years

  4. Negative Effects of Invasives • Affect Growth of Natives • Regeneration • Species Exclusion • Water Quality • Bio-Diversity

  5. TOTAL COST: $137 BILLION PER YR

  6. Bush Honeysuckles Garlic Mustard Russian Olive Paulownia Chinese Yam Mile-a-minute Weed Tree-of-heaven Winged Burning Bush Wintercreeper Chinese Silvergrass European privet Appalachian Mts. Japanese Honeysuckle Chinese Privet Kudzu Wisterias Nonnative Roses Tall fescue Bamboos Lespedezas Autumn Olive Piedmont Alluvial Floodplain Lower Coastal Plain Tropical Soda Apple Cogongrass Air Yam & Water Yam Japanese Climbing Fern ??? Subtropical Weeds Middle Coastal Plain Hilly Coastal Plain Hilly Coastal Plain MCP LCP Cogongrass Tallowtree Japanese privet

  7. Chinese Privet

  8. NRCS Website

  9. 10% of Forests in East Texas Infested Tallowtree or Popcorntree

  10. Tropical Soda Apple

  11. Shrubby Lespedeza (Bicolor)

  12. Chinese Privet Chinese Wisteria Chinese Lespedeza

  13. Most Exotic Species are not invasive!!

  14. Most Exotics are o.k.….. • On Average……. • If 1000 plants are introduced…… • 100 plants will escape cultivation…… • 10 plants will become serious invaders….. Miconia in Tahiti

  15. Invasive Species….….. An invasive species is a species that has the potential to move from where it is, to where it does not occur, become established, and do significant harm to the invaded site….. R. Eplee, 2003

  16. Circular Cogongrass Infestation

  17. 35ºN 30ºN Cogongrass Infestations Treated Eradicated Not Verified ? 25ºN 90ºW

  18. Trees Shrubs Vines Forbs Aquatic Forbs Grass/grasslikes Ferns TOTAL 17 27 FL only 34 19 31 21 130 11 30 3 62 9 3 4 307 94 Invasive Plants of the Thirteen Southeastern States

  19. All Land Use and Ownerships Impacted • Forestry • Row-crop Agriculture • Right-of-ways • Natural Areas & Preserves • Pastures and Range • Home owners • Turfgrass Industry • Horticulture & Nursery Industry • Aquatic Systems & Aquaculture • Recreational Industry (golf, sports fishing, etc.)

  20. JURISDICTION FOR CONTROL MUST INCLUDE: FEDERAL STATE & PRIVATE LANDS

  21. Invasive Species Control WHO IS RESPONSIBLE?

  22. WHO IS RESPONSIBLE? • FEDERAL GOVERNMENT • STATE • COUNTY • LOCAL AGENCY • LANDOWNER • INDUSTRY

  23. Invasive Plant Management Programs • Prevention • Detection, Monitoring, and assess • Eradication, Control, and contain • Restore, Rehabilitate, or Reclaim • Research and Development • Education and Extension

  24. The Federal Response……. • 1994 - FICMNEW Established • 1995-1996 - Three National Weed Summits • 1998 – Weed Fact Book Published • 1998 – National Weed Strategy Published • 1999 – Executive Order #13112 Signed • National Invasive Species Council • National Invasive Species Management Plan

  25. FEDERAL RESPONSE • FRAGMENTED APPROACH • FOCUSED ON NATURAL RESOURCE-BASED INDUSTRIES • INCREASED EFFORTS ON SURVEYS AND MAPPING

  26. FEDERAL RESPONSE:SOME SUCCESSES • PLANT PROTECTION ACT OF 2000 REQUIRES PERMITS TO MOVE LISTED SPECIES ACROSS STATE LINES. • MOST LISTED SPECIES ARE AGRIC. WEEDS. • POLITICAL SUPPORT AND FUNDING ARE LIMITING FACTORS REGARDING PPA AND APHIS POLICY. • DIRTY LIST APPROACH.

  27. TYPE OF AUTHORITY NONE NOTIFICATION & ACTION RELY ON LANDOWNER BLANKET AUTHORITY PUBLIC LANDS ONLY LANDOWNER RESPONSIBILITY NUMBER OF STATES NINE (MS, GA, NC) TWENTY-SIX NINE FOUR (AL, LA, SC) SIX (FL) TWO (TX, AR) STATE STATUTES

  28. STATE: ALABAMA ARKANSAS FLORIDA GEORGIA KENTUCKY LOUISIANA MISSISSIPPI SOUTH CAROLINA TENNESSEE TEXAS PENALTY: IMPRISONMENT FINES, CIVIL PEN., MISD. FINES, MISD. FINES, MISD. FINES, MISD. NONE CIVIL PEN., MISD FINE, CIV. PEN., IMP., MIS CIVIL PEN., MISD MISD ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS

  29. EMERGENCY POWERS NINE STATES AUTHORIZE EMERGENCY POWERS RE INVASIVE PLANTS SC IS THE ONLY STATE IN THE SE

  30. STATES W/ RESTORATION AUTHORITY SEVEN STATES AUTHORIZE RESTORATION PROGRAMS FL, KY, TN

  31. COORDINATION • AS MANY AS THIRTY ENTITIES IN ANY GIVEN STATE MAY BE RESPONSIBLE FOR DEALING WITH INVASIVE SPECIES

  32. COORDINATION TOOLS • STATEWIDE INVASIVE SPECIES COUNCILS (THIRTY-SIX STATES) • STATEWIDE INVASIVE SPECIES PLANS (TEN + STATES)

  33. WHO IS RESPONSIBLE? EVERYBODY!

  34. ACRONYMS • APHIS – Animal and Plant Health Inspection service • CWA – CooperativeWeed Management Area • EPPC – Exotic Pest Plant Council • FICMNEW – Federal Interagency Committee for the Management of Noxious and Exotic Weeds • PPA – Plant Protection Act

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