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Black Hawk War and the Ute Reservation

Black Hawk War and the Ute Reservation. Chapter 9: Settlements, Transportation, and Mining. Bell Activity. No gum in class. Throw it in the garbage before class begins!. Your word is “plagued” Find the word on your white study guide and complete the following information for the word.

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Black Hawk War and the Ute Reservation

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  1. Black Hawk Warand the Ute Reservation Chapter 9: Settlements, Transportation, and Mining

  2. Bell Activity No gum in class. Throw it in the garbage before class begins! • Your word is “plagued” • Find the word on your white study guide and complete the following information for the word. • Find the definition using a glossary. • Use your own knowledge and experience to complete the rest of the definition. • Where should your backpack be?

  3. History Objective – We will review the conflict between the pioneers and Indians in Utah by examining the Black Hawk War. Language Objective – We will listen for important details and write down our notes. Today we will learn about…

  4. Losing Land • Before the war, Brigham Young and an Indian agent met with the leaders of the local Ute tribes. • Kanosh • Tabby • Sanpitch • In return for giving up their land, the government would give the tribe: • money • animals • shelter • clothing • food • agriculture training A Ute chief who signed the treaty.

  5. A Treaty in Trouble • The treaty they negotiated was sent to Washington, D.C. • The Congress ignored the treaty for a time and then rejected it. • The Indian agent began to force the Utes to walk to the Uinta Basin during the winter. • The journey was marked by suffering and many Utes died from starvation and cold.

  6. Black Hawk, son of Sanpitch • Black Hawk (An-Tonga-led) saw what was happening to his people and their land while the government failed to follow through on its promises. • He began to raid Mormon settlements for horses and cattle. • Many Utes, Paiutes, and Navajo united and attacked several Utah settlements. Chief Black Hawk

  7. The Longest and Most Destructive Conflict • Most of the attacks were in the Sanpete and Sevier Valley, but settlements farther south were also attacked. • Sanpitch, Black Hawk’s father, was killed by the Utah militia, which only caused him to be more dedicated to his cause.

  8. Brutality on both sides • The largest massacre of Indians was at Circleville. • At least 16 unarmed Paiute men, women, and children were killed. • Government officials took no legal action against the perpetrators. • About 50-70 Indians were killed and about the same number of whites died in the war.

  9. Peace • Eventually, Black Hawk signed a peace treaty. • He began touring Utah settlements, speaking at church meetings. • He asked for the white communities understanding and forgiveness, but also emphasized the terrible condition of his people.

  10. Reservations • President Lincoln created the Ute reservation. • About 1,500 Utes agreed to move to the reservation, but most chose to stay in their homelands in other parts of their territory.

  11. The End of Black Hawk’s Life • He was probably the greatest leader of the Native American resistance to pioneer settlement. • After working for peace, he returned to his homeland at Spring Lake were he died.

  12. His Final Resting Place • His remains were dug up by miners in 1911, who stored his remains with a local doctor. • His bones were even displayed for a time in a Spanish Fork department store. • His bones were later given to the LDS Church Museum of History.

  13. A Young Person Makes a Difference • A Pleasant Grove boy wanted to know why his grave was not registered. • For his Eagle Scout Project, he traced the bones to a BYU museum. • He contacted the Forest Service, who manages the area where Black Hawk had been buried.

  14. Returned to the Land he Loved • It took an act of Congress and the humanitarian efforts of the Boy Scout, Shane Armstrong and Charmain Thompson, a National Forest Service Archeologist, to return Black Hawk to his home. • His remains were returned to Spring Lake where they were laid to rest. • The event was attended by the descendents of his brother and residents of Spring Lake.

  15. Results of the War • For the Mormon communities, they were able to explore and expand into areas once controlled by the Utes. They also began to see the army as a force that could work to their benefit. • For the Ute, the outcome of the war was disastrous. They were forced onto the reservations where they received little of the aide treaties had promised them. • Their population dropped drastically. From 23,000 in the 1870s to around 2,500 over the course of the next hundred years.

  16. ? Let’s read the various perspectives about Indian life on page 173. Where are some places today where people have a different perspective of current events? Analyzing Sources

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