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Warm Up

Warm Up. Describe 4 factors that helped bring about the Industrial Revolution in Britain How did the Industrial Revolution transform the textile industry? How did transportation improve in the early 1800’s? 3 examples!. Remember!. Britain leads the way! Natural Resources Human Resources

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Warm Up

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  1. Warm Up Describe 4 factors that helped bring about the Industrial Revolution in Britain How did the Industrial Revolution transform the textile industry? How did transportation improve in the early 1800’s? 3 examples!

  2. Remember! • Britain leads the way! • Natural Resources • Human Resources • Technical lead • Capital • Demand • Stable government

  3. New Industrial City • Industrialization brought rapid urbanization • Population increases, changes in farming, demand for workers • Movement of people to cities • Manchester England • 17,000 (1750s) – 40,000 (1780) – 70,000 (1801) • Tenements (no running water, community pumps) • No sewage or sanitation system • Waste and garbage rotted in the streets • Disease spread rapidly

  4. Factory System • Working hours were long (12-16 hours) • Exhausted workers were suffered accidents • Machines had no safety devices • Air was polluted • If workers were sick/injured – lost their job • Authors like Charles Dickens described hard times in cities

  5. Women • Employers preferred women workers • Felt they could adapt more easily to machines and easier to manage than men • They were able to pay women less • New jobs took women away from homes

  6. Child Labor • Factories and mines hired children • Could fit in small spaces, were quick • Hired orphans

  7. The Working Class • Protests • Weavers and other skilled workers • Resisted new labor saving machines • Some smashed machines and burned factories • Known as “Luddites” after a mythical figure who supposedly destroyed machines in the 1780s • Methodist preachers took message of hope and a better life to come into the slums • Helped channel anger from revolution to reform

  8. The New Middle Class • Some were merchants who invested in factories • Others were inventors or skilled artisans • Nice homes, dressed well • Gained influence in Parliament • “Ladies” did not work outside the home • Valued hard work to get ahead • Had no sympathy for the poor

  9. Benefits and Problems • Blessing or curse? • Terrible hardships, reform • Labor unions • Better wages and working conditions • Government saw unions as dangerous organizations

  10. Closure • Primary Source • Page 207 • What does the excerpt suggest about the role and status of middle-class women during the Industrial Revolution? • Compare life of a farmworker with that of an early factory worker

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