New Technology Options for Active CO 2 (and NO x ) Emissions Management

1. New Technology Options forActive CO2 (and NOx) Emissions Management Julianne Zimmerman GREENFUEL TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION

2. Algae has multiple potential uses Biodiesel Ethanol & bioplastics Green power Biohydrogen Fish food Esterification Fermentation Co-firing Gasification & reforming Drying

3. Biodiesel from emissions is not a new idea Open ponds Bioreactors Unfortunately, past attempts at large scale operation were cost-prohibitive

4. GreenFuel innovations • Algal adaptation methodology • Employs exclusively-licensed NASA biotechnology apparatus • Field bioreactor design • Inexpensive to manufacture • Inexpensive to operate • Photosynthesis management protocol • Optimizes algae exposure to sunlight * an economically viable solution

5. GreenFuel field trials 2004/2005

6. Field data(courtesy CK Environmental) *data measured 9 am-5 pm **data measured 24 hrs./day

7. Active CO2 management More CO2 per acre Much lower cost Price band

8. High efficiency land use Arizona New England rapeseed soybeans

9. Over 400 GW capacity eligible for GreenFuel installations, based on land availability

10. All parties benefit By converting CO2 and NOx emissions into clean, renewable biodiesel (or other products), • The plant/corporation decreases costs and increases profitability • The state/nation improves its • Domestic fuel supply • Energy security • Economic productivity • Air quality • Global stature as an environmental leader

11. “I’ve looked at pollution control technology, both current and emerging, for a number of years… GreenFuel’s technology is really the only thing I’ve seen that deals with CO2 in an economic way.” — Ryan Waddington, DTE