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The Renaissance. Part One: An Introduction To The Renaissance. What Is the Renaissance?. The Renaissance is the rebirth of learning and the arts that began in Italy in the 1300’s The Renaissance brought great advancements in literature, philosophy, visual art, theater, and architecture.
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What Is the Renaissance? • The Renaissance is the rebirth of learning and the arts that began in Italy in the 1300’s • The Renaissance brought great advancements in literature, philosophy, visual art, theater, and architecture
Was It Really a Renaissance? • Intellectual Development of High Middle Ages • Rise of Scholasticism • Literature • Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales • Gothic Architecture
Why Italy? • Urban Growth • Trade during the Crusades led to the growth of the Italian cites of Venice, Florence, Milan, and revitalized Rome
Why Italy? • Merchant Class Values • Wealthy, powerful merchants in Italy stressed individual achievement
Why Italy? • Classical Heritage • Renewed Interest in Greek and Roman Classics • Decline of Constantinople, caused Byzantine scholars to flee with ancient Greek manuscripts
Renaissance Values • Humanism – study of human beings and human potential • Enjoyment of Worldly Pleasures • The Renaissance Man • An ideal individual who tried to master every area of study
Leonardo da Vinci 1452-1519 • He was a writer, painter, sculptor, engineer, and an architect • “The Renaissance Man” Self-Portrait (c. 1512)
Da Vinci’s Paintings The Last Supper (1498) Mona Lisa 1503-1505
Da Vinci and Flight Top: Flying Machine Left: Wing for a Flying Machine
Michelangelo 1475-1564 • He was a painter, sculptor, and an architect • Most successful painter of Renaissance Self-Portrait
St. Peter’s Basilica by Michelangelo Funding the construction of this building leads the Catholic Church to sell indulgences
Raphael (1483-1520) • Influenced by Leonardo Da Vinci • Famous work is School of Athens School of Athens, 1510-1511
Civic Humanism • Niccolo Machiavelli • The Prince, 1513 • Questions the motives of rulers • “Ends justify the means”
Religious Humanism • Desiderius Erasmus • In Praise of Folly • Sir Thomas More • Utopia, 1516 • Influenced Protestant Reformation
Literary Humanism • Petrarch • Father of Humanism • William Shakespeare • English writer 1564-1616 • Focuses on human character