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Homeless Adolescents

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Homeless Adolescents

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    1. Homeless Adolescents A Clinical Approach to At Risk Kids

    2. Common Myths: Homeless Teens Smelly Tattered Unkempt

    3. Common Myths: Homeless Teens

    4. Common Myths: Homeless Teens

    5. Common Myths: Homeless Teens

    6. Definition of Homelessness Stewart B. McKinney Act, 42 USC 11301,st seq. (1994) A person who “lacks a fixed, regular, and adequate night-time residence and …has a primary night time residency that is: A supervised publicly or privately operated shelter designed to provide temporary living accommodations…”

    7. Definition of Homelessness An institution that provides a temporary residence for individuals intended to be institutionalized A public or private place not designed for, or ordinarily used as, a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings.” The tem “homeless individual” does not include any individual imprisoned or otherwise detained pursuant to an Act of Congress or a state law

    8. Who are the Homeless?

    9. Who are the Homeless? AGE 0-12 57,430 10.5% 13-19 31,131 5.7% 20-44 290,378 53.3% 45-64 152,468 28.0% 65-84 12,793 2.3% 85+ 824 .2% Total 545,024 100%

    10. Where are the Homeless?

    11. Homeless Children and Families Families with children are among the fastest growing segments of people experiencing homelessness. 1.35 million children per year 2% of children in the U.S.

    12. Homeless Youth 730,000 to 1.3 million nationally 25% Permanently homeless 50% Runaway secondary to abuse 75% Engage in illegal activity 50% Involved with survival sex 50% Use alcohol 80% Use street drugs 35% Are intravenous drug injectors

    13. Homeless Youth: Gender While most adult homeless persons are males, there is a more even split among homeless youth: 52.5% are male and 47.5% are female. There is a power differential between male and female homeless youth; female youth report more frequently resorting to survival practices: “squat hopping” or sleeping with males in exchange for protection sex work The longer a youth is on the streets the more likely they are to engage in survival sex and other high-risk behaviors (54% of Drop-In Youth).

    14. Homeless Youth: Sexual Orientation The majority of homeless youth self-identify as heterosexual (71%), however, many homeless youth report sexual experimentation with the same sex. GLBT and MSM homeless youth are sometimes referred to as “throwaways” because they have been discarded or “put out” by family. MSM homeless youth self-report higher rates of violence and hate crimes targeting them than their housed-counterparts.

    15. Homeless Youth: Injection Drug Use Fifteen percent of Drop-In Center clients (n = 120) self-identified as injecting drugs in the last 3 months: National trends suggest that there are 3 times as many male IDUs as female IDUs; at the Drop-In Center more than half of current injection drug users are female. Based on focus groups conducted at the Drop-In Center, most female injectors are initiated into injection drug use by male partners and do not know how to “shoot up” by themselves. Source: Drop-In Center Focus Groups

    16. Operational Definition of Homelessness Camping with no permanent home to return to Doubling-up temporarily with another family Having no permanent place to return to after hospitalization Living out of a car Living in an emergency or transitional shelter Living in an abandoned building Couch surfing

    17. Determining Homeless Status

    18. Determining Homeless Status

    19. Common Medical Problems Skin infections / infestations Upper respiratory infections STD Dental caries Vision impairment

    20. Common Medical Problems Mental illness Bipolar disorders Depression Schizophrenia ADHD Substance abuse Tobacco Drugs Alcohol

    21. Client Barriers to Care Cognitive immaturity Denial Lack of knowledge Lack of skills Fear of exposure and loss Lack of perceived need or priority Lack of social support Lack of adherence to schedules

    22. Structural Barriers Lack of perceived need Inconvenient space, hours, travel Unaffordable Judgmental Not confidential

    23. Structural Barriers Lack of social support Not adolescent-oriented Not male/gay/lesbian inclusive Discontinuous or uncoordinated care Legal

    24. Overcoming Barriers Educate adolescent clients Provide a social support Assist with adherence to appointments Provide adolescent friendly atmosphere Provide non-judgmental services Ensure confidentiality when appropriate Make it affordable Educate about importance of STD screening Nutritional screening Health screening – vision, hearing, dental, etc. Explain on client levelEducate about importance of STD screening Nutritional screening Health screening – vision, hearing, dental, etc. Explain on client level

    25. Drop-In Center Separate from adult clinic In an area that kids are /frequent/travel through Supportive services on-site Adolescent friendly staff Peer leaders

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