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Standard 8.5E/Journal 12/7

Standard 8.5E/Journal 12/7 . Students know how to determine that a solution is acidic, basic or neutral.

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Standard 8.5E/Journal 12/7

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  1. Standard 8.5E/Journal 12/7 Students know how to determine that a solution is acidic, basic or neutral. Journal: You are given an unknown solution in a beaker. You have both blue and red litmus paper. Describe how you would go about testing the solution to determine it was basic or acidic. You may list the steps should that be easier……

  2. Acid Base Indicator Neutralization Hydroxide ion Hydrogen ion Solution Solvent Concentration Salt Ionic conductivity Key Terms (due 12/5 or 7)

  3. What is an acid? What are the properties of acids? How do you test a solution to see if it is acidic? What is a base? What are the properties of a base? How do you test a solution to see if it is basic? What is a neutralization reaction? How is the strength of a base/acid measured? What is pH? How do you determine an acid/base using the Ph Scale? Set up for Cornell Notes: Copy these questions on the left side:

  4. What is an acid? • Acids are ionic compounds with H+ (hydrogen ions) identified by the following chemical/physical properties: • Taste sour • React with metals and carbonates • Turn blue litmus paper red • Conduct electricity in water

  5. Sour taste: • Many foods contain acids • Citric acid - fruit • Vinegar is an acid • NOTE: Do not taste chemicals to find out if they are acids http://www.pickyourown.org/photosor/oranges.jpg

  6. React with metals and carbonates • Corrosive: Able to destroy something by progressive chemical reaction • Acids wear away metals and (CO32- ) • 2Zn + 2HCl -> 2ZnCl + H2 jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/.../ MAIN/VOLTAGE/PAGE1.HTM

  7. React with INDICATORS • Indicator: Substance that changes color when in contact with another substance • Litmus paper: Blue litmus paper turns red when put in an acid concise.britannica.com

  8. What is a base? • Bases are ionic compounds/solutions with OH- ions identified by the chemical/physical following properties: • Bitter taste (do not taste anything in lab!) • Slippery feel (do not touch in lab!) • Turn red litmus blue (Bases - blue) • Conduct electricity in water

  9. Taste bitter…. • If you have ever tasted soap…..ick! • Slippery feel (don’t even think of touching them…) • Household cleaners: ammonia, drain cleaners, bleach, lye - powerful bases www.faculty.fairfield.edu/. ../superlatives.htm

  10. React with INDICATORS • Bases turn red litmus paper blue • To remember: Think “B” - blue for bases concise.britannica.com

  11. Acids and Bases • Ionic compounds - dissolve into ions in water • Strength of acid depends on [H+] ions • (hydrogen ion) • Strength of base depends on [OH-] ions • (hydroxide ion) • Conductors (ionic): energy/heat, electricity • Sulfuric acid - H2SO4 in car batteries - ions (H+ and SO42- carry the charge between the terminals

  12. Acids and Bases • Neutralization reaction: Mix acid and base and the products are water and a salt: HCL + NAOH -> H2O + NACL • Compare the strengths of acids and bases to water using the pH scale. The pH of water is 7. • Above 7 = basic, below 7 = acidic.

  13. pH scale: compares strength of acids and bases • > [H+], the stronger the acid • > [OH-], the stronger the base www.worsleyschool.net/ science/files/pH/page.html

  14. Acids, bases & pH • http://www.chem4kids.com/files/react_acidbase.html • http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=58 • http://scifun.chem.wisc.edu/HOMEEXPTS/ACIDBASE.html

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