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The Science of an EIC. Nuclear Science Goals: How do we understand the visible matter in our universe in terms of the fundamental quarks and gluons of QCD ? Overarching EIC Goal: Explore and Understand QCD.
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The Science of an EIC Nuclear Science Goals: How do we understand the visible matter in our universe in terms of the fundamental quarks and gluons of QCD? Overarching EIC Goal: Explore and Understand QCD • In NSAC 2007 Long Range Plan Electron Ion Collider science is linked to three major questions: • What is the role of gluons and gluon self-interactions in nucleons and nuclei? • What is the internal landscape of the nucleons? • What governs the transition of quarks and gluons • into pions and nucleons? Note: Electroweak studies not included
The Science of an EIC Nuclear Science Goals: How do we understand the visible matter in our universe in terms of the fundamental quarks and gluons of QCD? Overarching EIC Goal: Explore and Understand QCD • Four (or Three?) Major Science Questions: • What is the internal spin landscape of nucleons? • What is the three-dimensional spatial landscape of nucleons? • What is the role of gluons in nuclei? • 4) What governs the transition of quarks and gluons into pions and nucleons? • Elevator EIC goals: • Map the spin and 3D quark-gluon structure of protons • Discover the role of gluons in nuclei • Understand the creation of the quark-gluon matter around us
The Science of an EIC – Golden Experiments What is the Role of Gluons in Nuclei? 5) Gluon momentum measurements in nuclei – signatures of (approach to) gluon saturation 6) Measurements of the probability for a nucleus to stay intact in a high-energy scattering process What Governs the Transition of Quarks and Gluons into Pions and Nucleons? • Measurement of the energy loss of various quark flavors and gluons vs. momentum • Map the physical mechanism of fragmentation of correlated quarks and gluons, and understand how we can calculate it quantitatively
The Science of an EIC – Golden Experiments What is the Internal Spin Landscape of Nucleons? 1) DG vsln(Q2) 2) Polarization of the sea quarks – long-range spatial correlations in the QCD vacuum 3) Transverse spin and momentum measurements and correlations What is the Three-Dimensional Spatial Landscape of Nucleons? 4) Transverse imaging of quarks and gluons in nucleons and nuclei 2) Momentum dependence of the sea quarks (& gluons) – long-range spatial correlations in the QCD vacuum 3) Transverse momentum dependent measurements and correlations – or unintegratedparton distributions